Speed of processing and individual differences in IQ in schizophrenia: General or specific cognitive deficits?
Speed of processing and individual differences in IQ in schizophrenia: General or specific cognitive deficits?
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DOI：
10.1080/13546800344000228
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Jablensky, Assen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Badcock, Johanna C;Williams, Rachael J;Jablensky, Assen
简介：本研究的目的是重新审视认知处理速度的作用，在精神分裂症的脆弱性，使用检查时间（IT）的任务，不需要一个快速的手动响应。由于IT始终与智力相关，IT和一般智力之间的关系也explored.METHODS：精神分裂症患者进行了比较，未受影响的同胞的精神分裂症患者和健康对照组的视觉IT任务。对IT性能的速度和可变性进行了检查。目前的智力（IQ）估计与希普利研究所的生活量表（锡尔斯），它产生单独的评估口头和抽象的能力。结果：精神分裂症患者产生的IT显着较慢，比任何未受影响的兄弟姐妹或健康对照组的变量。这些结果与人口统计学或临床变量无关。IT和智商之间获得了显着的负相关性，具体而言，较长的IT值与抽象scoresonlines.CONCLUSIONS：这些研究结果证实，基本的认知处理效率受损的精神分裂症患者。相比之下，未受影响的兄弟姐妹的IT与健康对照组没有差异，这与他们更好的智商测试分数一致。精神分裂症的一般和特定的遗传尺寸模型的影响进行了讨论。
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to re-examine the role of cognitive processing speed in the vulnerability to schizophrenia, using an inspection time (IT) task that does not require a speeded manual response. Since IT consistently correlates with intelligence, the relationship between IT and general intelligence was also explored.METHODS: Patients with schizophrenia were compared with unaffected siblings of schizophrenia patients and healthy controls on a visual IT task. Both speed and variability of IT performance were examined. Current intellectual ability (IQ) was estimated with the Shipley Institute of Living Scale (SILS), which yields separate assessments of verbal and abstraction abilities.RESULTS: Schizophrenia patients produced ITs that were significantly slower and more variable than either unaffected siblings or healthy controls. These results are not related to demographic or clinical variables. A significant negative correlation was obtained between IT and IQ; specifically, longer IT values were associated with abstraction scores only.CONCLUSIONS: These findings confirm that basic cognitive processing efficiency is impaired in patients with schizophrenia. In contrast, ITs in unaffected siblings did not differ from healthy controls, in line with their better IQ test scores. Implications for models of general and specific heritable dimensions in schizophrenia are discussed.