Development of an Instrument to Measure the Perceptions of Adopting an Information Technology Innovation
Development of an Instrument to Measure the Perceptions of Adopting an Information Technology Innovation
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DOI：
10.1287/isre.2.3.192
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发表时间：
1991-09-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Benbasat, Izak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Moore, Gary C.;Benbasat, Izak
本文报告了一种旨在衡量个人可能采用信息技术（IT）创新的各种看法的工具的开发。该工具旨在成为研究组织内IT创新的最初采用和最终扩散的工具。虽然自电脑化早期以来，个人和组织对信息技术的采用一直是一个重要的研究兴趣领域，但迄今为止的研究工作导致了混合和不确定的结果。缺乏理论基础的研究和不充分的定义和测量结构被认为是造成这种结果的主要原因。在最近一项检查新终端用户IT扩散的研究中，我们决定将重点放在度量潜在采用者对技术的看法上。测量这种感知在创新扩散文献中被称为“经典问题”，也是整合各种扩散研究结果的关键。采纳的观念最初是基于罗杰斯（1983）从创新扩散文献中得出的创新的五个特征，加上本研究中专门开发的两个特征。在现有的测量这些特征的量表中，只有极少数具有必要的效度和可靠性。在这项研究中，新创建的和现有的项目都被放在一个共同的池中，并由法官进行四轮排序，以确定哪些项目应该在不同的尺度中。目的是通过检查项目如何分类到不同的构念类别来验证量表的收敛效度和判别效度。对评判员之间关于项目放置的一致意见的分析发现，在一些构念的原始定义中，既有不好的项目，也有不足之处。这些后来被重新定义。对所得结构的量表进行了三次单独的实地测试。经过最后的测试，所有量表都显示出可接受的可靠性水平。他们的有效性进一步检查使用因子分析，以及进行判别分析比较的反应采纳和非采纳的创新。其结果是一个包含八个量表的简洁的38个项目的工具，它为研究创新的最初采用和扩散提供了一个有用的工具。还建议了一个简短的25项文书版本。
This paper reports on the development of an instrument designed to measure the various perceptions that an individual may have of adopting an information technology (IT) innovation. This instrument is intended to be a tool for the study of the initial adoption and eventual diffusion of IT innovations within organizations. While the adoption of information technologies by individuals and organizations has been an area of substantial research interest since the early days of computerization, research efforts to date have led to mixed and inconclusive outcomes. The lack of a theoretical foundation for such research and inadequate definition and measurement of constructs have been identified as major causes for such outcomes. In a recent study examining the diffusion of new end-user IT, we decided to focus on measuring the potential adopters' perceptions of the technology. Measuring such perceptions has been termed a "classic issue" in the innovation diffusion literature, and a key to integrating the various findings of diffusion research. The perceptions of adopting were initially based on the five characteristics of innovations derived by Rogers (1983) from the diffusion of innovations literature, plus two developed specifically within this study. Of the existing scales for measuring these characteristics, very few had the requisite levels of validity and reliability. For this study, both newly created and existing items were placed in a common pool and subjected to four rounds of sorting by judges to establish which items should be in the various scales. The objective was to verify the convergent and discriminant validity of the scales by examining how the items were sorted into various construct categories. Analysis of inter judge agreement about item placement identified both bad items as well as weaknesses in some of the constructs' original definitions. These were subsequently redefined. Scales for the resulting constructs were subjected to three separate field tests. Following the final test, the scales all demonstrated acceptable levels of reliability. Their validity was further checked using factor analysis, as well as conducting discriminant analysis comparing responses between adopters and nonadopters of the innovation. The result is a parsimonious, 38-item instrument comprising eight scales which provides a useful tool for the study of the initial adoption and diffusion of innovations. A short, 25 item, version of the instrument is also suggested.