"Weathering" and age patterns of allostatic load scores among blacks and whites in the United States
"Weathering" and age patterns of allostatic load scores among blacks and whites in the United States
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DOI：
10.2105/ajph.2004.060749
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发表时间：
2006-05-01
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
Bound, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Geronimus, AT;Hicken, M;Bound, J
目标。我们考虑了美国黑人是否经历了早期健康恶化，这是通过反复暴露和适应压力的生物学指标来衡量的。我们利用国民健康与营养调查数据，对18岁-年龄段的成年人的平衡负荷得分进行了检验。我们根据年龄、种族、性别和贫困状况估计了高分的可能性，以及黑人相对于白人的孩子获得高分的几率。黑人的得分高于白人，而且在所有年龄段都有更大的机会获得高分，特别是在35岁-的时候。种族差异不能用贫困来解释。与男性或白人女性相比，贫穷的黑人女性和非贫穷的黑人女性分别有最高和第二高的非平衡负荷得分，以及最高的额外得分。我们发现有证据表明，健康方面的种族不平等存在于成年人的一系列生物系统中，并且不能用贫困中的种族差异来解释。生活在一个有种族意识的社会中，对那些最有可能进行高努力应对的黑人来说，气候变化的影响可能最大。
Objectives. We considered whether US Blacks experience early health deterioration, as measured across biological indicators of repeated exposure and adaptation to stressors.Methods. Using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data, we examined allostatic load scores for adults aged 18-64 years. We estimated probability of a high score by age, race, gender, and poverty status and Blacks' odds of having a high score relative to Whites' odds.Results. Blacks had higher scores than did Whites and had a greater probability of a high score at all ages, particularly at 35-64 years. Racial differences were not explained by poverty. Poor and nonpoor Black women had the highest and second highest probability of high allostatic load scores, respectively, and the highest excess scores compared with their male or White counterparts.Conclusions. We found evidence that racial inequalities in health exist across a range of biological systems among adults and are not explained by racial differences in poverty. The weathering effects of living in a race-conscious society may be greatest among those Blacks most likely to engage in high-effort coping.