Nicotine intake in young smokers: longitudinal study of saliva cotinine concentrations.
Nicotine intake in young smokers: longitudinal study of saliva cotinine concentrations.
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年轻吸烟者的尼古丁摄入量：唾液可替宁浓度的纵向研究。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
12.7
通讯作者：
A. Bryant
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. McNeill;M. Jarvis;J. Stapleton;R. West;A. Bryant
对197名女孩的吸烟习惯和吸烟摄入量进行了连续三年的研究，最初年龄在11到14岁之间。在这三年中，吸烟者女孩的唾液可替宁浓度在研究的每一年都有所增加，最大的增加发生在从偶尔吸烟到日常吸烟的过程中。卷烟消费在过去两年中也有所增加。对于一组每天持续吸烟的人(n=23)，每支香烟的吸烟量(以可替宁浓度与平均每日香烟消费量的比率为指标)没有随着时间的推移而变化。16名在开始吸烟一年内每天吸烟的女孩体内的可替宁浓度表明，她们早期就有吸入性疾病。我们的发现表明，年轻吸烟者在吸烟生涯的早期就学会了吸入香烟烟雾，烟雾摄入量的进一步增加主要反映了香烟消费量的增加，尼古丁的药理作用已经在加强他们的吸烟方面发挥了重要作用。
Smoking habits and smoke intake were studied over three consecutive years in 197 girls, initially aged 11 to 14 years. Saliva cotinine concentrations in girls who were smokers throughout the three years increased over each year of the study, the greatest increase occurring during movement from occasional to daily smoking. Cigarette consumption also increased over the two years. For a group of continuing daily smokers (n = 23), inhalation of smoke per cigarette as indexed by the ratio of cotinine concentration to average daily cigarette consumption did not change over time. Cotinine concentrations in 16 girls who were smoking on a daily basis within a year of starting to smoke suggested the early development of inhalation. Our findings suggest that young smokers learn to inhale cigarette smoke very early in their smoking careers, that further increases in smoke intake mainly reflect increased cigarette consumption, and that the pharmacological effects of nicotine are already important in reinforcing their smoking.