Gender differences in substance use and psychiatric distress among medical students: A comprehensive statewide evaluation
Gender differences in substance use and psychiatric distress among medical students: A comprehensive statewide evaluation
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DOI：
10.1080/08897077.2017.1355871
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Watson, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Merlo, Lisa J.;Curran, John S.;Watson, Robert
背景：医学生健康已成为医学教育中的一个重要问题。本研究的目的是对男女医学生的药物使用、心理困扰和寻求帮助进行全面评估，以确定持续干预工作的目标。方法：通过电子邮件和/或公告邀请佛罗里达州所有 9 所医学院的医学生填写一份匿名在线调查问卷，评估他们的健康状况。在 5053 名医学生中，有 1137 名（57.1% 为女性）回答了调查问卷。使用 SPSS 20 计算描述性统计、t 检验和卡方分析。结果：超过 70% 的学生承认酗酒，其中男性报告频率高于女性 ((2) = 13.90，P = .003)，22.7% (n = 201) 报告在医学院期间吸食大麻，其中男性比例更高 ((2) = 9.50，P = .02) （27.0%，n = 99）高于女性（18.9%，n = 93）。极少数学生报告了处方兴奋剂和处方阿片类药物的非医疗用途。此外，3.3% 的男学生 (n = 12) 和 0.6% 的女学生 (n = 3) 报告有吸毒问题。此外，近 2/3 的受访者表示，自进入医学院以来，心理健康状况有所下降，其中女性的心理健康状况下降幅度更大 ((2) = 12.39，P = .05)，压力水平更高 ((2) = 16.30，P = .003)。超过 10% 的学生 (n = 102) 赞同在医学院期间自杀的想法，70.1% 的学生认为他们会从心理保健中受益（79.3% 的女性 vs. 59.6% 的男性；(2) = 41.94，P < .001），尽管只有 39.8% 的人获得了帮助。结论：尽管努力解决医学生的健康问题，但学生们仍然报告心理困扰、自杀意念和药物滥用的程度。需要做更多的工作来有效解决医学生的心理健康和福祉问题。
Background: Medical student wellness has emerged as an important issue in medical education. The purpose of the present study was to obtain a comprehensive assessment of substance use, psychological distress, and help-seeking among male and female medical students in order to identify targets for continued intervention efforts. Methods: Medical students from all 9 medical schools in the state of Florida were invited via e-mail and/or announcements to complete an anonymous online questionnaire assessing their well-being. Of 5053 matriculating medical students, 1137 (57.1% female) responded to the questionnaire. Descriptive statistics, t tests, and chi-square analyses were computed using SPSS 20. Results: Over 70% of students acknowledged binge drinking, with men reporting higher frequency than women ((2) = 13.90, P = .003), and 22.7% (n = 201) reported marijuana use during medical school, with higher rates ((2) = 9.50, P = .02) among men (27.0%, n = 99) than women (18.9%, n = 93). A significant minority of students reported nonmedical use of prescription stimulants and prescription opioids. In addition, 3.3% of male students (n = 12) compared with 0.6% of female students (n = 3) reported problematic drug use. Further, almost 2/3 of respondents reported decreased psychological health since beginning medical school, with women noting greater reductions ((2) = 12.39, P = .05) and higher levels of stress ((2) = 16.30, P = .003). Over 10% of students (n = 102) endorsed thoughts of committing suicide during medical school, and 70.1% felt they would benefit from mental healthcare (79.3% of women vs. 59.6% of men; (2) = 41.94, P < .001), although only 39.8% accessed help. Conclusions: Despite efforts to address medical student wellness, students continue to report concerning levels of psychological distress, suicidal ideation, and substance use. More work is needed to effectively address medical student mental health and well-being.