Kinship in the Admiralty Islands
Kinship in the Admiralty Islands
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金钟群岛的亲属关系
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发表时间：
1992
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. Mead
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作者：
M. Mead
新几内亚佩雷村的马努人是玛格丽特·米德最喜欢的社区，在她1978年去世之前，她曾五次回到那里。《金钟群岛的亲属关系》是对他们复杂的婚姻和家庭关系规则的经典和唯一的透彻描述。它借鉴了米德1928-1929年与她的第二任丈夫、新西兰人雷奥·福琼一起进行的田野工作，以及她能够与他的数据交叉核对的好处。《亲属关系》写于1931年，是在米德关于马努斯的第一本也是非常受欢迎的书《在新几内亚长大》之后写的，这本书被其他人类学家批评范围太广。在《亲属关系》中，米德成功地用她的学者同事珍视的特定术语展示了她对这个美拉尼西亚群体的透彻了解，同时也深入地描述了马努斯的社会结构。《金钟群岛的亲属关系》描述了一个复杂的社会约束和亲属关系系统及其对当地经济的影响。例如，马努斯夫妇对收养的偏好允许代孕父亲支付延长的婚姻费，而在下一代，他们的养子将为新亲属网络中的其他年轻男性承担同样的责任。米德回顾了其他亲属关系规则，如异性姻亲之间的回避行为、早期订婚、其他形式的收养，以及亲属之间的一系列顺从行为和开玩笑关系。在这部作品中，米德在英国拉德利夫·布朗学派的功能主义亲属关系分析和弗朗茨·博阿斯学派的美国人的文化和个性取向之间走了一条微妙的界线。珍妮·吉列敏的新介绍生动而深入地描述了玛格丽特·米德在人类学早期的职业生涯，她的同代人对她的工作有时会有负面反应，她写《金钟群岛的亲戚》的原因，以及米德后来对《她的手势》如何进入现代世界的反应。玛格丽特·米德以将她的作品同时面向学者和门外汉而闻名。“金钟群岛的亲属关系”将引起人类学家和对南太平洋各国人民感兴趣的普通读者的兴趣。玛格丽特·米德是美国自然历史博物馆民族学馆长。她是许多书籍的作者，包括《文化进化的连续性》(可从Transaction购买)、《远距离的文化研究，阿拉佩什之山》和《来自南海：原始社会中的青春期和性研究》。珍妮·吉勒曼是波士顿学院的人类学教授，也是《人类学的现实：文化科学中的读物》的编辑，该书也可以在Transaction上买到。
The Manus of New Guinea's Pere village were Margaret Mead's most favored community, the people to whom she returned five times before she died in 1978. "Kinship in the Admiralty Islands" is the classic and only thorough description of their complex rules of marriage and family relations. It draws on Mead's 1928-1929 field work, conducted with her second husband, New Zealander Reo Fortune, and benefits by her being able to cross-check her data with his. Written in 1931, "Kinship" followed Mead's first and very popular book on the Manus, "Growing Up in New Guinea," which was criticized by other anthropologists for being too general in scope. In "Kinship" Mead succeeded in demonstrating her thorough knowledge of this Melanesian group in the specific terms prized by her scholarly colleagues, while also describing in depth Manus social structure. "Kinship in the Admiralty Islands" describes an intricate system of social restraints and kinship ties and their impact on the local economy. The Manus' predilection for adoption, for example, allows surrogate fathers to make extended marriage payments, while in the next generation their adopted sons will take on the same responsibility for other young men in the new kin network. Mead reviews other kinship rules, such as avoidance behavior between in-laws of the opposite sex, early betrothals, other forms of adoption, and a range of deference behavior and joking relations among kin. In this work, Mead walks a fine line between functionalist kinship analysis of the British school of Radclife Brown and the cultural-and-personality orientation of Americans in the school of Franz Boas. Jeanne Guillemin's new introduction provides a lively in depth description of Margaret Mead's career in the early days of anthropology, the sometimes negative reactions of her contemporaries to her work, and her reasons for writing "Kinship in the Admiralty Islands," as well as Mead's later reactions to how "her Manus" entered the modern world. Margaret Mead was noted for directing her writings to both scholar and laymen alike. "Kinship in the Admiralty Islands" will be of interest to anthropologists and general readers interested in the peoples of the South Pacific. Margaret Mead was curator of ethnology of the American Museum of Natural History. She was the author of many books including "Continuities in Cultural Evolution" (available from Transaction), "The Study of Culture at a Distance, The Mountain of Arapesh," and "From the South Seas: Studies of Adolescence and Sex in Primitive Societies." Jeanne Guillemin is a professor of anthropology at Boston College and editor of "Anthropological Realities: Readings in the Science of Culture," also available from Transaction.