Multiple-method analysis of logistics costs
Multiple-method analysis of logistics costs
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpe.2012.01.007
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发表时间：
2012-05
影响因子：
12
通讯作者：
J. Engblom;Tomi Solakivi;Juuso Töyli;L. Ojala
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Engblom;Tomi Solakivi;Juuso Töyli;L. Ojala
物流成本在业务成本中占很大比例，通常超过公司营业额的 10%。本文探讨了在芬兰经营的制造和贸易公司自我报告的物流成本的差异和相互依赖性。总物流成本由六个部分组成：运输、仓储、库存运输、物流管理、运输包装和物流间接成本。分析的面板数据涵盖了 2005 年和 2008 年两次调查中确定的 241 家公司。通过描述性分析、广义线性混合模型 (GLMM) 和主成分分析等多种方法探讨了物流成本。以营业额百分比衡量的物流成本分布存在偏差，最好用贝塔分布来描述。时间、员工数量、营业额、行业和国际化水平被证明是统计上显着的物流成本解释变量。尽管规模不经济最终会占上风，但规模较大的公司的物流成本往往较低。分析还涵盖了 2005 年至 2008 年期间的成本变化。总的来说，结果表明在解释物流成本变化时需要谨慎，同时需要控制背景变量的影响。
Logistics costs comprise a significant and relevant proportion of business costs, often exceeding 10 per cent of company turnover. This article examines the differences and interdependencies in the self-reported logistics costs of manufacturing and trading companies operating in Finland. Total logistics costs are taken to consist of six individual components: transport, warehousing, inventory carrying, logistics administration, transport packaging, and indirect costs of logistics. The analysed panel data covers 241 companies identified from two surveys for the years 2005 and 2008. Logistics costs were explored through multiple methods including descriptive analysis, generalised linear mixed models (GLMM), and principal component analysis. The distributions of logistics costs measured as percentages of turnover were skewed and best described by the beta distribution. Time, the number of employees, turnover, industry, and level of internationalisation were shown to be statistically significant explanatory variables of logistics costs. Logistics costs tended to be lower in larger companies, although diseconomies of scale eventually prevail. The analysis also covers changes in costs between 2005 and 2008. In general, the results indicate the need for caution in interpreting changes in logistics costs, and for simultaneously controlling the effects of background variables.