A fish is not a mouse: understanding differences in background genetics is critical for reproducibility
A fish is not a mouse: understanding differences in background genetics is critical for reproducibility
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DOI：
10.1038/s41684-020-00683-x
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发表时间：
2020-12-02
期刊：
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Lawrence, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crim, Marcus J.;Lawrence, Christian
在这一观点中，作者强调了理解斑马鱼（Danio rerio）背景遗传学的重要性，并提出了该领域可能更好地报告遗传信息和维持繁殖群体以提高斑马鱼研究的透明度和可重复性的方法。在生物医学研究中，越来越多的人认识到，动物模型中控制不佳的背景遗传学导致了可重复性的缺乏。实验室斑马鱼，斑马鱼，几十年来一直是一个重要的模式生物在许多研究领域，但近交系和传统管理的远交种没有为这个物种。有时被错误地称为“近交系”或“品系”，斑马鱼野生型品系具有背景遗传学，通常没有很好的特征，这些品系的育种实践随着时间的推移或机构之间的不一致。在这个角度来看，我们跟踪历史上最广泛使用的遗传背景之一，AB线的关键里程碑，以说明动态复杂性的一个例子的背景，这是在阅读科学文献时，在很大程度上是不可见的。未能充分控制遗传背景会损害实验结果的有效性。因此，我们建议作者提供尽可能多的关于斑马鱼品系的起源和遗传组成的具体细节，并且用于描述背景遗传学的术语应以与其他鱼类和哺乳动物模式生物一致的方式应用。我们强烈鼓励采用遗传监测来表征现有的斑马鱼品系，以帮助检测繁殖群体中的遗传污染，并验证繁殖群体中遗传异质性的水平。仔细关注背景遗传学将提高透明度和可重复性，从而提高斑马鱼作为模式生物的实用性。
In this Perspective, the authors highlight the importance of understanding the background genetics of the zebrafish, Danio rerio, and suggest ways that the field might better report genetic information and maintain breeding colonies to improve the transparency and reproducibility of zebrafish research.Poorly controlled background genetics in animal models contributes to the lack of reproducibility that is increasingly recognized in biomedical research. The laboratory zebrafish, Danio rerio, has been an important model organism for decades in many research areas, yet inbred strains and traditionally managed outbred stocks are not available for this species. Sometimes incorrectly referred to as 'inbred strains' or 'strains', zebrafish wild-type lines possess background genetics that are often not well characterized, and breeding practices for these lines have not been consistent over time or among institutions. In this Perspective, we trace key milestones in the history of one of the most widely used genetic backgrounds, the AB line, to illustrate the dynamic complexity within an example background that is largely invisible when reading the scientific literature. Failure to adequately control for genetic background compromises the validity of experimental outcomes. We therefore propose that authors provide as much specific detail about the origin and genetic makeup of zebrafish lines as is reasonable and possible, and that the terms used to describe background genetics be applied in a way that is consistent with other fish and mammalian model organisms. We strongly encourage the adoption of genetic monitoring for the characterization of existing zebrafish lines, to help detect genetic contamination in breeding colonies and to verify the level of genetic heterogeneity in breeding colonies over time. Careful attention to background genetics will improve transparency and reproducibility, therefore improving the utility of the zebrafish as a model organism.