Spatial distribution of soil-transmitted helminths, including Strongyloides stercoralis, among children in Zanzibar
Spatial distribution of soil-transmitted helminths, including Strongyloides stercoralis, among children in Zanzibar
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DOI：
10.4081/gh.2008.231
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发表时间：
2008-11-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Utzinger, Juerg
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Knopp, Stefanie;Mohammed, Khalfan A.;Utzinger, Juerg
1990年代初，在桑给巴尔启动了一项定期向学龄儿童分发驱虫药物的方案，以控制土壤传播的蠕虫病。我们调查了桑给巴尔翁古加6个区336名儿童土壤传播蠕虫感染的空间分布，包括粪圆线虫。在2007年。使用加藤-卡茨法、古贺琼脂板法和Baermann法检查每个儿童的一份粪便样本。比较了研究地点不同寄生虫感染的点流行情况和地质特征。毛缕虫、类蛔虫、钩虫和粪虫的检出率分别为35.5%、12.2%、11.9%和2.2%，具有较大的空间异质性。所有6个区均有毛虫和钩虫感染，城区未发现类蚓蛔虫感染，仅南区感染率较低（2.2%）。4个区均发现粪球菌感染，其中西区感染率最高（4.0%）。北A区土壤传播性寄生虫感染率最高（69.6%），市区最低（22.4%）。除北B区外，在桑给巴尔镇以北的环境中，观察到蚓类、钩虫和粪虫感染更为普遍，这些环境的特点是冲积粘土土壤、潮湿森林地区和较高的降水量。在大规模使用驱虫药物十年之后，Unguja各地土壤传播的蠕虫感染的流行程度仍然相当高。因此，有必要采取其他措施，如改善获得适当卫生设施和清洁水的机会，并继续开展健康教育，以成功地控制桑给巴尔的土壤传播蠕虫病。
A programme periodically distributing anthelminthic drugs to school-aged children for the control of soil-transmitted helminthiasis was launched in Zanzibar in the early 1990s. We investigated the spatial distribution of soil-transmitted helminth infections, including Strongyloides stercoralis, in 336 children from six districts in Unguja, Zanzibar. in 2007. One stool sample per child was examined with the Kato-Katz, Koga agar plate and Baermann methods. The point prevalence of the different helminth infections was compared to the geological characteristics Of the study sites. The observed prevalences for Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm and S. stercoralis were 35.5%, 12.2%, 11.9% and 2.2%, respectively, with considerable spatial heterogeneity. Whilst T. trichiura and hook-worm infections were found in all six districts, no A. lumbricoides infections were recorded ill the Urban setting and only a low prevalence (2.2%) was observed in the South district. S. stercoralis infections were found in four districts with the highest prevalence (4.0%) in the West district. The prevalence Of infection with any soil-transmitted helminth was highest in the North A district (69.6%) and lowest in the Urban setting (22.4%,). A. lumbricoides, hookworm and, with the exception of the North B district, S. stercoralis infections were observed to he more prevalent in the settings north of Zanzibar Town, which are characterized by alluvial clayey soils, moist forest regions and a higher precipitation. After a decade of large-scale administration of anthelminthic drugs, the prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth infections across Unguja is Still considerable. Hence, additional measures, such as improving access to adequate sanitation and clean water and continued health education, are warranted to successfully, control soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Zanzibar.