Interpretation of some results from radiotherapy and an attempt to determine a rational treatment technique. 1906.
Interpretation of some results from radiotherapy and an attempt to determine a rational treatment technique. 1906.
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发表时间：
2003
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通讯作者：
J. Bergonié;L. Tribondeau
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作者：
J. Bergonié;L. Tribondeau
我们希望讨论：（1）X射线对上皮肿瘤的奇怪选择性作用;（2）X射线产生的肿瘤。首先，所有的医生都怀着同样的兴趣和惊奇地观察到，X射线可以杀死肿瘤细胞，而使邻近的健康组织甚至被肿瘤侵袭的组织完好无损。但动物实验表明，辐射对健康组织有选择性作用。例如，在我们对大鼠睾丸的实验中，我们已经能够破坏生殖细胞，而间质组织和支持细胞合胞体未受损害。通过这些实验，我们可以得出以下规律：X射线对具有更强生殖活性的细胞更有效;对那些谱系较长、形态和功能最不固定的细胞，X射线的效果更大。从这一定律不难理解，伦琴辐射能杀死肿瘤而不杀死健康组织。令人困惑的是，许多无可辩驳的观察表明，这些能够摧毁病人体内恶性肿瘤的伦琴射线，有时也能够在放射治疗师的上皮组织中产生肿瘤，这些上皮组织以前非常健康，疏忽地暴露在辐射场中，肿瘤的外观与它们可以摧毁的肿瘤相同。关于这一点，现在已经没有任何疑问了; X射线在放射科医生那里已经产生了手部皮肤上的上皮肿瘤，这种肿瘤是侵入性的，并转移到淋巴结。我们如何解释这些看似矛盾的结果呢？同样，动物实验使我们能够为这些事实找到一个非常合理的解释。雷戈和布兰克最近表明，大鼠精子在暴露于X射线后会出现巨细胞。我们还发现了畸形细胞在我们的组织学准备。这些作者明确指出，这些巨细胞是由于精母细胞的非典型有丝分裂。在我们这方面，我们还观察到睾丸的其他病变，这些病变只能用辐射对过度活跃的精原细胞的作用来解释。由此可见，当辐射强度不足以杀死细胞时，仍然可以影响它们的进一步进化。是不是一个典型的演变，在我们的a的目前状态最初发表在Comptes Rendus des Seances de l 'Acad 6 mie des Sciences.卷
We wish to discuss: (1) the strange selective action of X rays on epithelial tumors; (2) tumors produced by X rays. Firstly, all physicians have observed with the same interest mixed with surprise that X radiation can kill the cells of a neo-plasm while leaving the neighboring healthy tissues or even the tissues invaded by the tumor intact. But experiments on animals have shown that radiation has a selective action among healthy tissues. For example, in our experiments on the testicle of rat, we have been able to destroy the germinal cells whereas the interstitial tissue and the sertoli syncytium were unimpaired. As a result of these experiments, it has been possible to formulate the following law: X rays are more effective on cells which have a greater reproductive activity; the effectiveness is greater on those cells which have a long lineage, on those cells the morphology and the function of which are least definitively fixed. From this law it is easy to understand that roentgen radiation destroys tumors without destroying healthy tissues. It was quite puzzling when many and incontestible observations demonstrated that these same roentgen rays capable of destroying malignant tumors in patients were also capable, at times, of producing in the epithelial tissues of the radiotherapist , previously perfectly healthy, negligently exposed in the field of radiation, the appearance of tumors identical to the ones they can destroy. There is no longer any doubt about this point; X rays have produced in radiologists epithelial tumors in the skin of the hands which are invasive and metastasize to the lymph nodes. How can we interpret these apparently paradoxical results? Again, the animal experiments allow us to find a very plausible explanation for these facts. Regaud and Blanc have recently shown that the sperm of rats exhibit giant cells [formes mon-strueuses] after exposure to X rays. We also have found teratocytes in our histo-logic preparations. These authors state clearly that these giant cells are due to atypical mitoses of the spermatocytes. On our part, we have also observed other tes-ticular lesions which cannot be explained except by action of radiation on the over-active spermatogonia. It follows that the roentgenization, when it is not intense enough to kill cells, can still influence their further evolution. Is not an atypical evolution, in the present status of our aOriginally published in Comptes Rendus des Seances de l'Acad6mie des Sciences. Vol.