Simulation of ring-exchange models with projected entangled pair states

Simulation of ring-exchange models with projected entangled pair states
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具有投影纠缠对态的环交换模型的模拟

DOI:
10.1103/physrevb.105.024417
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发表时间:
2021-08
期刊:
Phys. Rev. B
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lixin He
Lixin He
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chao Wang;Shaojun Dong;Yongjian Han;Lixin He

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提出了利用投影纠缠对态(PEPS)模拟环交换模型的算法。我们推广了虚时间演化(ITE)方法来优化具有环交换作用的模型的PEPS波函数。我们比较了不同近似对环境的影响。为了理解优化过程中的数值不稳定性,我们引入了PEPS的“奇异性”,并开发了一个调节程序,可以有效地减少PEPS的奇异性。我们用环面码模型对我们的方法进行了基准测试,得到了非常精确的基态能量和拓扑纠缠熵。我们还将我们的方法与二维环交换模型进行了比较,发现基态具有较强的矢量手征序。该算法可以成为研究环相互作用模型的有力工具。在这项工作中开发的方法,例如,减少奇异性的正则化过程也可以应用于其它模型。
Algorithms to simulate the ring-exchange models using the projected entangled pair states (PEPS) are developed. We generalize the imaginary time evolution (ITE) method to optimize PEPS wave functions for the models with ring-exchange interactions. We compare the effects of different approximations to the environment. To understand the numerical instability during the optimization, we introduce the “singularity” of a PEPS and develop a regulation procedure that can effectively reduce the singularity of a PEPS. We benchmark our method with the toric code model, and obtain extremely accurate ground state energies and topological entanglement entropy. We also benchmark our method with the two-dimensional cyclic ring exchange model, and find that the ground state has a strong vector chiral order. The algorithms can be a powerful tool to investigate the models with ring interactions. The methods developed in this work, e.g., the regularization process to reduce the singularity can also be applied to other models.
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