Association of prenatal exposure to an environmental contaminant with intellectual function in childhood
Association of prenatal exposure to an environmental contaminant with intellectual function in childhood
复制标题
DOI：
10.1081/clt-120006749
复制
发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Jacobson, SW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jacobson, JL;Jacobson, SW
多氯联苯是一类合成碳氢化合物，在历史上被广泛用于工业用途。虽然在20世纪70年代被禁止，但它们在垃圾填埋场、沉积物和野生动物中仍然无处不在。产前多氯联苯暴露的评估，在一个样本的妇女所生的孩子吃了相对大量的多氯联苯污染的自行车密歇根鱼。在对广泛的潜在混杂变量进行统计控制后，发现这种暴露与较差的智力功能有关。缺陷包括婴儿期较差的识别记忆，学龄前智商测试得分较低，11岁时语言智商和阅读理解能力较差。虽然母乳喂养的儿童在出生后暴露于母乳中多氯联苯的水平升高，但与产前暴露相关的不良影响在非母乳喂养的儿童中明显更强。目前尚不清楚，母乳喂养的儿童的不良影响是否因为母乳中的某些营养物质而减弱，还是因为母乳喂养的母亲提供的智力刺激质量更好。几乎没有发现与产后母乳喂养暴露于多氯联苯有关的不良影响，这表明胎儿特别容易受到这种暴露。
Polychlorinated biphenyls are a family of synthetic hydrocarbon compounds that were used historically for a broad range of industrial purposes. Although banned in the 1970s, they continue to be ubiquitous in landfills, sediments, and wildlife. Prenatal polychlorinated biphenyl exposure was evaluated in a sample of children born to women who had eaten relatively large quantities of polychlorinated biphenyl-contaminated bike Michigan fish. This exposure was found to be associated with poorer intellectual function after controlling statistically for a broad range of potential confounding variables. Deficits included poorer recognition memory in infancy, lower scores on a preschool IQ test, and poorer verbal IQ and reading comprehension at 11 years of age. Although breast-fed children were exposed postnatally to elevated levels of polychlorinated biphenyls from maternal milk, the adverse effects associated with prenatal exposure were markedly stronger in the children who were riot breast-fed. It is not clear whether the adverse effects were attenuated in the breast-fed children dire to certain nutrients in the breast milk or due to better quality of intellectual stimulation provided by the breast-feeding mothers. Virtually no adverse effects were found in relation to postnatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls from breast-feeding, indicating that the fetus is particularly vulnerable to this exposure.