Statistically informed static pressure control in multiple-zone VAV systems
Statistically informed static pressure control in multiple-zone VAV systems
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DOI：
10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.11.032
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发表时间：
2017-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
A. Tukur;K. Hallinan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Tukur;K. Hallinan
楼宇自动化系统（BAS）的普及使得能够开发和使用更复杂的算法来控制HVAC系统并提高商业建筑的能源效率。一个这样的复杂的算法，静压复位，这是与最小化的静压在供应空气管道在任何时候，同时仍然保持区域舒适性，是一个行之有效的低成本的手段，以减少风扇的功率消耗在变风量（VAV）systems.here我们探讨利用历史BAS数据的可能性，估计每年的能源节约从静压复位在任何设施。所采用的方法首先使用测量的管道静压、VAV阻尼器位置和气流建立作为平均VAV阻尼器位置的函数的有效系统损失系数之间的统计关系。观察到的是，系统损失系数随着平均VAV阻尼器位置的增加而减小。因此，用于最小化风扇功率的期望控制算法应当寻求最大化舒适性所需的各个VAV风门位置。然而，对于给定的管道静压，随着更多的风门完全打开，控制灵敏度降低。静压复位在一些建筑物中的应用表明，在控制鲁棒性降低之前，存在可以完全打开的区域阻尼器的最大数量。在这种情况下，挡板位置的任何额外增加对系统和分区流量的影响都很小。如果需要更大的流量，则必须增加静压。在这种情况下，给定系统损失与平均风门位置的关系以及估计的可以打开的风门的最大数量，可以在研究期间的任何时候估计平均风门位置到如果打开最大数量的风门可实现的值的潜在增加。这允许估计所需的最小静压。可以基于基于最佳静压的预测风扇功率与实际风扇功率的比较来估计历史条件的节省。这种方法进行了测试，在三个不同的建筑物具有不同的系统特性。节省的估计与静压重置实际实现的节省相关性良好。这一结果对能源服务提供商具有重要意义，他们可以使用预测来保证静压重置的节省。
The proliferation of Building Automation Systems (BAS) has enabled the development of and use of more complex algorithms for controlling HVAC systems and increase energy efficiency in commercial buildings. One such complex algorithm, static pressure reset, which is associated with minimization of the static pressure in the supply air duct at all times while still maintaining zonal comfort—is a proven low cost means to reduce fan power consumption in Variable Air Volume (VAV) systems.Here we explore the possibility of utilizing historical BAS data to estimate annual energy savings from static pressure reset in any facility. The approach employed first establishes a statistical relationship between the effective system loss coefficient as a function of the mean VAV damper position using the measured duct static pressure, VAV damper positions and airflows. Observed is that the system loss coefficient decreases with an increase in mean VAV damper position. Thus, the desired control algorithm for minimizing fan power should seek to maximize the individual VAV damper positions needed for comfort. However, for a given duct static pressure, control sensitivity is diminished as more dampers are opened fully. Application of Static Pressure Reset in a number of buildings reveals that there is a maximum number of zonal dampers that can be fully opened before control robustness diminishes. In this condition, any additional increase in damper position has little effect on the system and zonal flowrates. If more flow is required, the static pressure must be increased. In this context, given the system loss relationship with mean damper position and the estimated maximum number of dampers that can be opened, the potential increase in the mean damper position to a value achievable if the maximum number of dampers are opened can be estimated at all times in the study period. This permits estimation of the minimal static pressure required. Savings can be estimated for the historical conditions based upon comparison of the predicted fan power based upon the optimal static pressure with the actual fan power. This methodology was tested on three different buildings with varying system characteristics. Savings estimates correlated well to the savings actually realized from static pressure reset. This result has significant implications for energy service providers, who could use the predictions to guarantee savings from static pressure reset.