Viral lower urinary tract infections
Viral lower urinary tract infections
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DOI：
10.1007/s11934-007-0080-y
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Paduch, Darius A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Paduch, Darius A.
下尿路感染(UTI)在普通人群中很常见，最常由细菌病原体引起。在具有免疫能力的宿主中，病毒是尿路感染的罕见原因；然而，在免疫功能低下的患者中，病毒被越来越多地认为是导致尿路感染降低的原因，尤其是出血性膀胱炎。BK病毒、腺病毒和巨细胞病毒是干细胞和实体器官移植后出血性膀胱炎的主要病原体，早期诊断和治疗可预防出血性膀胱炎的发生。病毒下尿路感染的诊断是基于分子技术，实时聚合酶链式反应通常是选择的方法，因为它允许量化病毒载量。西多福韦正在成为病毒性尿路感染的首选药物，因为它对最常见的病毒病原体具有活性。这篇综述讨论了病毒性尿路感染的流行病学、诊断中的陷阱和目前的治疗方法。
Lower urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common among the general population and are most often caused by bacterial pathogens. Viruses are an uncommon cause of UTIs in an immunocompetent host; however, viruses are increasingly recognized as the cause of lower UTI, especially hemorrhagic cystitis, among immunocompromised patients. BK virus, adenovirus, and cytomegalovirus are predominant pathogens involved in hemorrhagic cystitis after stem cell and solid organ transplantation, and their early diagnosis and treatment may prevent significant morbidity of hemorrhagic cystitis. The diagnosis of viral lower UTI is based on molecular techniques, and real-time polymerase chain reaction is often the method of choice because it allows for quantification of viral load. Cidofovir is becoming a drug of choice in viral UTIs because it is active against the most common viral pathogens. This review discusses the epidemiology, pitfalls in diagnosis, and current treatment of viral UTIs.