Cadmium exposures during early development: Do they lead to reproductive impairment in fathead minnows?
Cadmium exposures during early development: Do they lead to reproductive impairment in fathead minnows?
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DOI：
10.1897/05-559r1.1
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发表时间：
2006-11-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Kolok, Alan S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sellin, Marlo K.;Kolok, Alan S.
本研究的主要目的是确定是否镉（Cd）暴露在胚胎和幼虫发育过程中改变繁殖性能，生殖生理，和性别比例的黑头呆鱼（黑头呆鱼）。胚胎暴露进行暴露成年雌性黑头呆鱼0，25，或100 μ g/L镉8天前繁殖。幼虫暴露进行了暴露的幼虫水镉在0，12.5，25，或50微克/升，从8至29天postthatch（与女性性别分化的时间段）。将每个暴露期的米诺鱼饲养至成熟，此时评估其生殖成功率、第二性征、性腺指数（GSI）、血浆11-酮睾酮（11-KT）浓度和性别比。胚胎研究的结果表明，镉暴露改变雄性黑头呆鱼的第二性征，但不改变生殖性能，GSI，11-KT浓度，或性别比。幼虫曝光，在女性性别分化期间，显着降低成人产卵的频率和增加离合器的大小，但不改变生殖力，第二性征，GSI，或11-KT。性别比例的微妙变化，观察，表明幼虫镉暴露可能会增加暴露人口中的女性比例。
The primary objective of this study was to determine whether cadmium (Cd) exposures during embryonic and larval development alter the reproductive performance, reproductive physiology, and sex ratio of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas). Embryonic exposures were conducted by exposing adult female fathead minnows to 0, 25, or 100 mu g/L Cd for 8 d prior to breeding. Larval exposures were conducted by exposing the larvae to waterborne Cd at 0, 12.5, 25, or 50 mu g/L from 8 to 29 d posthatch (the time period associated with female sexual differentiation). Minnows from each exposure period were raised to maturity, at which time their reproductive success, secondary sexual characteristics, gonadosomatic index (GSI), plasma 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) concentrations, and sex ratios were assessed. Results from the embryonic study reveal that Cd exposures alter the secondary sexual characteristics of male fathead minnows but do not alter reproductive performance, GSI, 11-KT concentrations, or sex ratios. Larval exposures, during the period of female sexual differentiation, significantly reduce the frequency of adult spawning and increase clutch size but do not alter fecundity, secondary sexual characteristics, GSI, or 11-KT. Subtle alterations in sex ratio were observed, indicating that larval Cd exposures may increase the proportion of females in an exposed population.