Microbiota alterations in acute and chronic gastrointestinal inflammation of cats and dogs
Microbiota alterations in acute and chronic gastrointestinal inflammation of cats and dogs
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DOI：
10.3748/wjg.v20.i44.16489
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发表时间：
2014-11-28
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Suchodolski, Jan S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Honneffer, Julia B.;Minamoto, Yasushi;Suchodolski, Jan S.
肠道菌群是生活在胃肠道中的活微生物（细菌、真菌、原生动物和病毒）的集合。新的细菌鉴定方法表明，狗和猫的胃肠道微生物群与人类相似，是一个高度复杂的生态系统。对狗和猫的研究表明，急性和慢性胃肠道疾病，包括炎症性肠病（IBD），与小肠和粪便微生物群落的改变有关。有趣的是，这些改变通常与在IBD患者或肠道炎症动物模型中观察到的生态失调相似，这表明肠道炎症条件下的微生物反应在哺乳动物宿主类型中是保守的。研究还揭示了患有IBD的狗和猫的先天免疫系统可能存在潜在的易感性，这进一步证明了肠道微生物群与宿主健康之间的复杂关系。IBD中常见的微生物组变化是厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门细菌群减少，变形杆菌门细菌群增加。此外，梭菌群XIVa和IV（即毛螺杆菌科和球状梭菌亚群）多样性的减少与IBD有关，这表明这些细菌群可能在维持胃肠道健康方面发挥重要作用。未来的研究需要评估与狗和猫肠道生态失调相关的功能变化。（三）2014年百世登出版集团股份有限公司版权所有。
The intestinal microbiota is the collection of the living microorganisms (bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses) inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract. Novel bacterial identification approaches have revealed that the gastrointestinal microbiota of dogs and cats is, similarly to humans, a highly complex ecosystem. Studies in dogs and cats have demonstrated that acute and chronic gastrointestinal diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are associated with alterations in the small intestinal and fecal microbial communities. Of interest is that these alterations are generally similar to the dysbiosis observed in humans with IBD or animal models of intestinal inflammation, suggesting that microbial responses to inflammatory conditions of the gut are conserved across mammalian host types. Studies have also revealed possible underlying susceptibilities in the innate immune system of dogs and cats with IBD, which further demonstrate the intricate relationship between gut microbiota and host health. Commonly identified microbiome changes in IBD are decreases in bacterial groups within the phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and increases within Proteobacteia. Furthermore, a reduction in the diversity of Clostridium clusters XIVa and IV (i.e., Lachnospiraceae and Clostridium coccoides subgroups) are associated with IBD, suggesting that these bacterial groups may play an important role in maintenance of gastrointestinal health. Future studies are warranted to evaluate the functional changes associated with intestinal dysbiosis in dogs and cats. (C) 2014 Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.