A chromatin landmark and transcription initiation at most promoters in human cells
A chromatin landmark and transcription initiation at most promoters in human cells
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2007.05.042
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发表时间：
2007-07-13
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
Young, Richard A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guenther, Matthew G.;Levine, Stuart S.;Young, Richard A.
我们描述了对人类细胞的全基因组分析的结果，该结果表明，大多数蛋白质编码基因，包括大多数被认为转录不活跃的基因，都经历了转录启动。我们发现，带有H3K4me3和H3K9，14Ac修饰的核小体以及RNA聚合酶II占据了人类胚胎干细胞中大多数蛋白质编码基因的启动子。这些基因中只有一部分能产生可检测到的全长转录本，并被带有H3K36me3修饰的核小体占据，这是延长的标志。其他基因经历了转录启动，但没有显示出延长的证据，这表明它们主要在启动后步骤中受到调控。编码大多数发育调节因子的基因都属于这一类。我们的结果还确定了一类被排除在转录启动过程之外的基因，在这些基因中，阻止转录启动的机制肯定占主导地位。这些观察延伸到分化的细胞，表明大多数基因的转录启动是人类细胞中的普遍现象。
We describe the results of a genome- wide analysis of human cells that suggests that most protein- coding genes, including most genes thought to be transcriptionally inactive, experience transcription initiation. We found that nucleosomes with H3K4me3 and H3K9,14Ac modifications, together with RNA polymerase II, occupy the promoters of most protein- coding genes in human embryonic stem cells. Only a subset of these genes produce detectable full- length transcripts and are occupied by nucleosomes with H3K36me3 modifications, a hallmark of elongation. The other genes experience transcription initiation but show no evidence of elongation, suggesting that they are predominantly regulated at post-initiation steps. Genes encoding most developmental regulators fall into this group. Our results also identify a class of genes that are excluded from experiencing transcription initiation, at which mechanisms that prevent initiation must predominate. These observations extend to differentiated cells, suggesting that transcription initiation at most genes is a general phenomenon in human cells.