Progress and perspective on drought and salt stress tolerance in cotton
Progress and perspective on drought and salt stress tolerance in cotton
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DOI：
10.1016/j.indcrop.2018.12.070
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发表时间：
2019-04-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Zhang, Jinfa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Abdelraheem, Abdelraheem;Esmaeili, Nardana;Zhang, Jinfa
干旱胁迫是由降水或灌溉不足引起的，是美国和世界范围内作物生产中最具挑战性的问题之一。仅干旱就影响了世界上45%的农业用地，此外，19.5%的灌溉农业用地被认为是盐碱地。两种或两种以上非生物胁迫（如干旱和盐碱）的组合比单一胁迫导致更多的产量损失。干旱沿着盐碱化预计将造成全世界50%的可耕地损失。开发耐旱和/或耐盐胁迫的品种是最实用的解决方案之一。高地棉（Gossypium hirsutwn L.）耐非生物胁迫性存在遗传变异;然而，大多数（如果不是全部的话）高地栽培品种是在正常的良好浇水和无盐条件下培育的。皮马棉、海岛棉或埃及棉（G.海岛棉（barbadense L.），由于其来源于沿海地区，具有一定的抗逆能力，这种抗逆能力可以通过种间渐渗转移到高地棉中。虽然干旱和盐胁迫耐受性被认为是相互关联的，但由于胁迫抗性的复杂性和表型分析的困难，遗传基础尚未完全理解。本文综述了棉花抗旱耐盐性的筛选方法、抗性种质来源、遗传、生化和分子生物学、转基因方法以及数量性状基因（QTL）等方面的研究进展。在过去的10-15年里，通过利用分子标记对双亲和多亲群体以及自然群体进行QTL定位，在理解耐旱性和耐盐性的遗传基础方面取得了重大进展。已经鉴定了许多干旱或盐响应基因，其中一些包括通常与其他植物中的干旱或盐耐受性相关的基因，并且用于转基因方法以增强非生物胁迫耐受性。然而，这些基因都没有被利用在商业棉花育种计划，并没有非生物胁迫抗性QTL已被用于棉花育种通过标记辅助选择（MAS）。应开发更多和更大的使用不同和多亲本的种内和种间永久作图种群。这些人口是必要的重复表型的非生物胁迫耐受性和高分辨率的QTL定位，使用全基因组SNP标记和MAS转移耐受基因到高产品种。此外，需要开发适用于大规模群体的快速、可靠和高通量筛选方法，以提高这些群体中棉花种质耐旱和耐盐胁迫表型的可靠性和规模。
Drought stress, caused by lack of precipitation or irrigation, is one of the most challenging problems in crop production in the US and worldwide. Drought alone affects 45% of the world's agricultural land, further, 19.5% of irrigated agricultural lands are considered saline. A combination of two or more abiotic stresses, such as drought and salinity results in more yield loss than a single stress. Drought along with salinization is expected to cause up to 50% of arable land loss worldwide. Development of drought and/or salt stress tolerant cultivars represents one of the most practical solutions. Genetic variation in abiotic stress tolerance exists within Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutwn L.); however, most if not all Upland cultivars have been developed under normal well-watered and non-saline conditions. Pima, Sea-Island or Egyptian cotton (G. barbadense L), carries some level of tolerance to abioitc stresses due to their origin near sea-coasts, and this tolerance can be transferred to Upland cotton by interspecific introgression. Although drought and salt stress tolerances are presumed to be interconnected, the genetic basis is not fully understood due to complexity of the stress resistance and difficulties in phenotyping. The objective of this review was to summarize the progress in screening methodology, resistance germplasm sources, inheritance, biochemical and molecular aspects, transgenic approaches, and quantitative trait loci (QTL) for drought and salt stress tolerance in cotton. In the last 10-15 years, significant progress has been made in understanding the genetic basis of drought and salt tolerance through QTL mapping using molecular markers on biparental and multi-parental populations and natural populations. Numerous drought or salt responsive genes have been identified, some of which include those commonly associated with drought or salt tolerance in other plants and are used in transgenic approaches for enhancement of abiotic stress tolerance. However, none of these genes have been utilized in commercial cotton breeding programs, and no abiotic stress tolerance QTL has been used in cotton breeding through marker-assisted selection (MAS). More and larger permanent intra-specific and interspecific mapping populations using diverse and multiple parents should be developed. These populations are necessary for repeated phenotyping for abiotic stress tolerance and for high resolution mapping of QTL using genome-wide SNP markers and for MAS to transfer tolerance genes to high-yielding cultivars. Further, quick, reliable and high throughput screening methods applicable for large scale populations need to be developed to improve the reliability and scale of phenotyping of the cotton germplasm in these populations for drought and salt stress tolerance.