Activity Rhythms of Coexisting Red Serow and Chinese Serow at Mt. Gaoligong as Identified by Camera Traps
Activity Rhythms of Coexisting Red Serow and Chinese Serow at Mt. Gaoligong as Identified by Camera Traps
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红外相机识别高黎贡山红鬣蜥与中华鬣羚共存的活动节律。
DOI：
10.3390/ani9121071
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Xiang, Zuofu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Yixin;Xiao, Zhishu;Xiang, Zuofu
具有相似生态位的同类物种如何共存是生物多样性研究中的一个中心问题。在这里，我们研究了两种共存的长鬃羚在中山湿性万年青阔叶林的日常活动节律。我们在一个为期五年的调查中使用了相机陷阱。高黎贡，云南西部，中国。本文比较了一种罕见的中型独栖有蹄类动物红长羚（Capricornis rubidus）和与之共存的中国长羚（C. milneedwardsii milneedwardsii）。虽然它们的整体日常活动节奏是相似的，但罕见的红serow倾向于从下午到午夜全年范围，饲料和保持警惕。与此相反，中国种的活动时间在雨季为日出至中午，而在旱季则为下午和午夜。有趣的是，我们发现红色的serows有时与中国serows一起活动。当他们遇到对方，红色serows改变他们的活动模式更显着，而中国serows显着增加他们的活动水平。鉴于所需资源相似，这些结论是可以理解的。虽然存在剥削性的竞争者，但红毛和中国长毛羚通过及时改变各自的活动模式来避免干扰竞争而共存。摘要研究同域食草哺乳动物的活动节律对于了解它们的生态位生态学，特别是它们如何分配资源和共存机制是至关重要的。在五年的时间里，我们用红外相机诱捕法对共存的红毛羚（Capricornis rubidus）和中国毛羚（C. milneedwardsii milneedwardsii）在偏远山区的片马，山。中国云南高黎贡。相机分别拍摄了157次和179次红色和中国的图像。我们使用圆形核密度模型来分析日常活动节奏以及活动的时间变化如何确保它们的共存。虽然他们的整体活动水平和模式是相似的，时间的活动和行为划分之间的两个物种发生在雨季。与中国长颈长尾雉相比，红长颈长尾雉在不同季节的活动水平、活动模式以及摄食和警戒行为变化较小。当这两个物种偶尔范围在一起，红色serows往往会改变他们的活动模式，而中国serows显着增加他们的活动水平。红serow和中国serow是剥削性的竞争对手，但通过改变它们在接触时的日常活动节奏和在雨季改变活动模式而共存，使它们能够共存。
Simple Summary How congeneric species with similar realized niches manage to coexist is a central question in the study of biodiversity. Here, we examined the daily activity rhythm of two coexisting serow species in a mid-mountain humid evergreen broadleaf forest. We used camera traps in a five-year survey at Mt. Gaoligong, western Yunnan, China. We compared the daily activity rhythm of the rare red serow (Capricornis rubidus), a medium-sized solitary ungulate, with the coexisting Chinese serow (C. milneedwardsii milneedwardsii). Although their overall daily activity rhythms were similar, the rare red serow tended to range, feed, and stay vigilant from afternoon through midnight throughout the year. By contrast, Chinese serows preferred to be active from sunrise to noon in the wet season, but shifted their activities and behaviors to afternoon and midnight in the dry season. Interestingly, we found red serows sometimes ranging together with Chinese serows. When they encountered each other, red serows altered their activity patterns more notably, while Chinese serows significantly increased their activity level. These findings are understandable given their similar resource requirements. Although exploitative competitors, red and Chinese serow coexist by avoiding interference competition by altering their respective activity patterns in time. Abstract Surveying the activity rhythms of sympatric herbivorous mammals is essential for understanding their niche ecology, especially for how they partition resources and their mechanisms of coexistence. Over a five-year period, we conducted infrared camera-trapping to monitor the activity rhythms of coexisting red serow (Capricornis rubidus) and Chinese serow (C. milneedwardsii milneedwardsii) in the remote mountainous region of Pianma, Mt. Gaoligong, Yunnan, China. Cameras captured images of red serow and Chinese serow on 157 and 179 occasions, respectively. We used circular kernel density models to analyze daily activity rhythms and how temporal variations in activity ensure their co-existence. Although their overall activity levels and patterns were similar, temporal activity and behavior partitioning among the two species occurred during the wet season. Compared with Chinese serows, red serows exhibited less variable daily activity levels, patterns, as well as feeding and vigilance behaviors between seasons. When the two species occasionally ranged together, red serows tended to alter their activity pattern while Chinese serows significantly increased their activity level. Red serow and Chinese serow are exploitative competitors but coexist by altering their daily activity rhythms when in contact and changing activity patterns during the wet season, enabling their coexistence.