A New Facet of Vitamin B(12): Gene Regulation by Cobalamin-Based Photoreceptors.

A New Facet of Vitamin B(12): Gene Regulation by Cobalamin-Based Photoreceptors.
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DOI:
10.1146/annurev-biochem-061516-044500
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发表时间:
2017-06-20
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Elías-Arnanz M
Elías-Arnanz M
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Padmanabhan S;Jost M;Drennan CL;Elías-Arnanz M

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生物体通过光感受器来感知和响应光,这是一个至关重要的环境因素,光感受器依赖于结合的发色团,如视网膜、黄素或线性四吡啶来感知光。光感受器使用5 ' -脱氧腺苷钴胺素(维生素B12的一种形式,最著名的是一种酶辅助因子)来感知光,这一发现扩大了已知光感受器家族的数量,并揭示了这种维生素的新的生物学作用。这些依赖b12的光感受器的原型CarH在细菌中广泛存在,并在光保护细胞反应中介导依赖光的基因调控。CarH活性作为一种转录因子依赖于5 ' -脱氧腺苷钴胺素和光对其寡聚状态的调节。本文综述了目前对这些b12依赖性光感受器的了解,它们的分布和作用方式,以及它们如何协调信号转导和控制基因表达的结构和光化学基础。
Living organisms sense and respond to light, a crucial environmental factor, using photoreceptors, which rely on bound chromophores such as retinal, flavins or linear tetrapyrroles for light sensing. The discovery of photoreceptors that sense light using 5′-deoxyadenosylcobalamin, a form of vitamin B12 that is best known as an enzyme cofactor, has expanded the number of known photoreceptor families and unveiled a new biological role of this vitamin. The prototype of these B12-dependent photoreceptors, CarH, is widespread in bacteria and mediates light-dependent gene regulation in a photoprotective cellular response. CarH activity as a transcription factor relies on the modulation of its oligomeric state by 5′-deoxyadenosylcobalamin and light. This review surveys current knowledge about these B12-dependent photoreceptors, their distribution and mode of action, and the structural and photochemical basis of how they orchestrate signal transduction and control gene expression.
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