Wet Chemical Synthesis of Graphene
Wet Chemical Synthesis of Graphene
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DOI：
10.1002/adma.201300155
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发表时间：
2013-07-12
影响因子：
29.4
通讯作者：
Hirsch, Andreas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eigler, Siegfried;Enzelberger-Heim, Michael;Hirsch, Andreas
对石墨烯物理性质的研究导致了大量突破性的发现。[1]例如，石墨烯前所未有的电荷载流子迁移率和其他电子特性被认为是进入后硅时代。[2，3]此外，石墨烯表现出高机械强度和优异的上级导热性。这些特性使得许多应用成为可能，如传感器、透明导电膜或电子器件。[4]然而，仍然缺少基于多功能湿化学的合适技术。[5]石墨烯可以通过从石墨中机械切割、在各种衬底上外延生长或通过金属箔上的化学气相沉积（CVD）工艺获得。这些方法产生具有非常少缺陷的高质量石墨烯。特别是对于CVD生长的石墨烯，在大规模制备和加工方面取得了巨大进展。[6]然而，仍然有挑战需要克服，如石墨烯在多层器件中的集成，例如，调整石墨烯的性质或使石墨烯溶液可加工。其他方法包括在热剥离之前插入酸，[7]和还原或非共价剥离。[8]这些方法的主要缺点是大量的少层石墨烯、小的薄片尺寸、低产量或差的质量。[7，8]最近证明了石墨烯在超高真空中的可逆氧化，但该方法不适用于从石墨生产石墨烯。[9]相比之下，世纪以来，
The investigation of the physical properties of graphene has lead to a large number of groundbreaking discoveries.[1] For instance, the unprecedented charge carrier mobility of graphene and other electronic properties are considered as an entry into a post silicon age.[2, 3] Furthermore, graphene exhibits high mechanical strength and superior thermal conductivity. Such properties make many applications feasible, as sensors, transparent conductive films, or electronic devices.[4] However, a suitable technology based on versatile wet chemistry is still missing.[5] Graphene can be obtained by mechanical cleavage from graphite, grown epitaxially on various substrates, or through a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process on metal foils. These methods yield high-quality graphene with very few defects. Especially for CVD grown graphene great advances in large-scale preparation and processing were achieved.[6] However, there are still challenges to overcome, as the integration of graphene in multilayered devices, for example, for tuning the properties of graphene or making graphene solution processable.Other approaches include intercalation of acids prior to thermal exfoliation,[7] and reductive or non-covalent exfoliation.[8] The main drawback of these methods is the large amount of few-layer graphene, small flake size, low yield or poor quality.[7, 8] The reversible oxidation of graphene in ultrahigh-vacuum was recently demonstrated, but this method is not applicable for graphene production from graphite.[9] In contrast, it has been known for more than a century that it is