Long-Term Nitrate Measurements in the Ocean Using the in situ Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer: Sensor Integration into the APEX Profiling Float
Long-Term Nitrate Measurements in the Ocean Using the in situ Ultraviolet Spectrophotometer: Sensor Integration into the APEX Profiling Float
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DOI：
10.1175/jtech-d-12-00221.1
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发表时间：
2013-08-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Riser, Stephen C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson, Kenneth S.;Coletti, Luke J.;Riser, Stephen C.
无试剂光学硝酸盐传感器[原位紫外分光光度计(ISUS)]可用于检测大部分海洋中的硝酸盐。虽然传感器在连续工作时是一个相对高功率的设备(典型情况下为7.5W)，但仪器可以在低功率模式下工作，在这种模式下，单独测量硝酸盐只需要几秒钟的仪器时间，而且系统每次测量硝酸盐只消耗45J的能量。在这种模式下运行使ISUS传感器与Teledyne Webb Research的自主剖面探测(APEX)剖面浮标集成在一起，能够在2000米的高度运行。每次硝酸盐测量所消耗的能量足够低，可以在每个垂直剖面上进行60次硝酸盐观测到1000米。垂直分辨率从接近表面5米到接近1000米的50米，以及更低的每100米。初级锂电池允许从1000米的深度制作300多个垂直剖面，相当于在5天的循环时间下使用近4年。这项研究详细介绍了将ISUS传感器集成到Teledyne Webb Research的APEX剖面浮标中的经验，以及在长达三年的时间里在整个海洋中获得的结果。
Reagent-free optical nitrate sensors [in situ ultraviolet spectrophotometer (ISUS)] can be used to detect nitrate throughout most of the ocean. Although the sensor is a relatively high-power device when operated continuously (7.5 W typical), the instrument can be operated in a low-power mode, where individual nitrate measurements require only a few seconds of instrument time and the system consumes only 45 J of energy per nitrate measurement. Operation in this mode has enabled the integration of ISUS sensors with Teledyne Webb Research's Autonomous Profiling Explorer (APEX) profiling floats with a capability to operate to 2000 m. The energy consumed with each nitrate measurement is low enough to allow 60 nitrate observations on each vertical profile to 1000 m. Vertical resolution varies from 5 m near the surface to 50 m near 1000 m, and every 100 m below that. Primary lithium batteries allow more than 300 vertical profiles from a depth of 1000 m to be made, which corresponds to an endurance near four years at a 5-day cycle time. This study details the experience in integrating ISUS sensors into Teledyne Webb Research's APEX profiling floats and the results that have been obtained throughout the ocean for periods up to three years.