The Design and Simulation of Natural Personalised Ventilation (NPV) System for Multi-Bed Hospital Wards
The Design and Simulation of Natural Personalised Ventilation (NPV) System for Multi-Bed Hospital Wards
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DOI：
10.3390/buildings5020381
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发表时间：
2015-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Price, Andrew
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adamu, Zulfikar A.;Price, Andrew
充分的通风对于热舒适性和降低医院病房中传染性生物气溶胶的风险是必要的，但通过机械通风实现这一目标具有碳和能源影响。自然通风通常限于基于窗户的设计，其稀释/混合效果受到风速、交叉通风以及在医院病房的情况下患者与外墙的接近度的限制。一个浮力驱动的自然通风系统能够实现稀释/混合被证明是可行的，在以前的研究称为自然个性化通风（NPV）的新系统。该系统结合了空间设计和浮力的建筑和气流工程原理，并在单床病房进行了测试和验证（盐浴实验）。本研究延伸了以往的工作，是对多床位病房净现值系统可行性的概念验证。在风中性条件下使用计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟研究了两种不同的四床位病房类型。结果预测NPV系统可以向多个患者提供新鲜空气，包括位于外墙10 m外的患者，每个患者/床的绝对流量在32 L.s（-1）和54 L.s（-1）之间。与使用窗户设计模拟的相同病房相比，空气污染物进入患者呼吸区和夏季过热的可能性最小化，而整体病房稀释最大化。研究结果表明，净现值有潜力使建筑师和建筑服务工程师解耦气流输送的可视化和照明的责任放在窗口上。
Adequate ventilation is necessary for thermal comfort and reducing risks from infectious bio-aerosols in hospital wards, but achieving this with mechanical ventilation has carbon and energy implications. Natural ventilation is often limited to window-based designs whose dilution/mixing effectiveness are subject to constraints of wind speed, cross ventilation, and in the case of hospital wards, proximity of patients to external walls. A buoyancy-driven natural ventilation system capable of achieving dilution/mixing was shown to be feasible in a preceding study of novel system called natural personalised ventilation (NPV). This system combined both architecture and airflow engineering principles of space design and buoyancy and was tested and validated (salt-bath experiment) for a single bed ward. This research extends the previous work and is proof-of-concept on the feasibility of NPV system for multi-bed wards. Two different four-bed ward types were investigated of using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations under wind-neutral conditions. Results predict that NPV system could deliver fresh air to multiple patients, including those located 10 m away from external wall, with absolute flow rates of between 32 L.s(-1) and 54 L.s(-1) for each patient/bed. Compared to same wards simulated using window design, ingress of airborne contaminants into patients' breathing zone and summer overheating potential were minimised, while overall ward dilution was maximised. Findings suggest the NPV has potentials for enabling architects and building service engineers to decouple airflow delivery from the visualisation and illumination responsibilities placed upon windows.