Perceived HIV risk as a predictor of sexual risk behaviors and discrimination among high-risk women.
Perceived HIV risk as a predictor of sexual risk behaviors and discrimination among high-risk women.
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DOI：
10.1080/09540121.2018.1533234
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发表时间：
2019-06
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Blankenship SA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sewell WC;Blankenship SA
艾滋病毒风险认知和歧视是弱势群体预防艾滋病毒的重要决定因素。利用底特律2016年全国艾滋病毒行为监测（NHBS）调查，我们评估了高危女性样本中的人口统计学变量、风险行为以及对艾滋病毒污名和歧视的感知，这些感知按艾滋病毒风险（高、中、低）分层。使用皮尔逊卡方检验和单向方差分析检验确定显著变量。在接受调查的541名女性中，93.0%是黑人，87.7%生活在贫困中。妇女的贫困（p=0.010）、就业（p=0.012）、保险（p=0.024）和无家可归状况（p<0.001）都与她们的艾滋病毒风险感知水平显著相关。在艾滋病毒风险认知较低的妇女中（76.7%），大多数在最后一次性交时不知道其伴侣的艾滋病毒状况（68.7%,p=0.007），过去一年有无保护的肛交/阴道性交（86.7%,p=0.025），参与性交易（63.4%,p<0.001），以及与艾滋病毒状况不明的伴侣不使用安全套（87.2%,p<0.001）。一半的女性同意或强烈同意大多数人不会与艾滋病毒感染者做朋友（50.4%），46.3%的女性同意或强烈同意大多数人会支持艾滋病毒感染者在他们想要的地方生活或工作。与认知艾滋病毒风险低的妇女相比，认知艾滋病毒风险高的妇女更有可能同意或强烈同意大多数人会歧视艾滋病毒感染者（87.3%对76.8%），并且通过性交易或毒品感染艾滋病毒的人得到了他们应得的（46.6%对25.8%）。妇女感知到的艾滋病毒风险与这些歧视态度没有显著关联。尽管样本中的多种风险行为与感知到的艾滋病毒风险水平显著相关，但NHBS的调查显示，许多具有高风险行为的妇女仍然认为自己的风险很低。我们的研究结果强调了高危妇女中围绕艾滋病毒的风险认知、风险行为和耻辱之间复杂的相互作用。
HIV risk perception and discrimination are important determinants of HIV prevention among vulnerable populations. Using Detroit’s 2016 National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) Survey, we evaluated demographic variables, risk behaviors, and perception of HIV stigma and discrimination stratified by perceived HIV risk (high, medium, low) in a sample of high-risk women. Significant variables were identified using Pearson Chi squared tests and one-way analysis of variance tests. Among 541 females surveyed, 93.0% were black and 87.7% lived in poverty. Women’s poverty (p=0.010), employment (p=0.012), insurance (p=0.024) and homelessness status (p<0.001) were all significantly associated with their level of HIV risk perception. Among women with low HIV risk perception (76.7%), the majority did not know their partner’s HIV status at last intercourse (68.7%, p=0.007), had unprotected anal/vaginal sex in the past year (86.7%, p=0.025), participated in sex exchange (63.4%, p<0.001), and did not use condoms with a partner with HIV-unknown status (87.2%, p<0.001). Half of women agreed or strongly agreed most people would not be friends with someone with HIV (50.4%), and 46.3% agreed or strongly agreed most people would support PLWH to live or work where they want. Compared to women with low HIV risk perception, women with high perceived HIV risk were more likely to agree or strongly agree most people would discriminate against someone with HIV (87.3% vs 76.8%) and that people who got HIV via sex exchange or drugs got what they deserve (46.6% vs. 25.8%). Women’s perceived HIV risk was not significantly associated with these discriminatory attitudes. Despite multiple risk behaviors significantly associated with level of perceived HIV risk in the sample, the NHBS survey demonstrates many women with high risk behaviors still perceive themselves to be at low risk. Our findings highlight a complex interaction of risk perception, risk behaviors and stigma surrounding HIV in high-risk women.
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影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Meekers, D;Klein, M
通讯作者：
Klein, M
DOI：
10.1363/3219206
发表时间：
2006-12-01
期刊：
INTERNATIONAL FAMILY PLANNING PERSPECTIVES
影响因子：
--
作者：
Prata, Ndola;Morris, Lco;Stehr, Mark
通讯作者：
Stehr, Mark
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
ROGERS, RW
通讯作者：
ROGERS, RW
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Pringle, Kimberly;Merchant, Roland C.;Clark, Melissa A.
通讯作者：
Clark, Melissa A.
DOI：
10.1097/qad.0000000000001757
发表时间：
2018-03-27
期刊：
AIDS (London, England)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Hargreaves JR;Krishnaratne S;Mathema H;Lilleston PS;Sievwright K;Mandla N;Mainga T;Vermaak R;Piwowar-Manning E;Schaap A;Donnell D;Ayles H;Hayes RJ;Hoddinott G;Bond V;Stangl A;HPTN 071 (PopART) Study Team
通讯作者：
HPTN 071 (PopART) Study Team