Near‐infrared spectroscopy of polymers
Near‐infrared spectroscopy of polymers
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聚合物的近红外光谱
DOI：
10.1002/masy.19910520111
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发表时间：
1991
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
H. Siesler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Siesler
尽管近红外 (NIR) 光谱法几十年来一直用于对含有 OH-、NH- 和 CH- 官能团的聚合物进行（主要是定量）分析（例如测定 OH- 数、水含量和残余碳碳双键），但它从未被确立为可与其他光谱技术相媲美的广泛分析和物理工具。然而，在七十年代末，两项新的发展引发了近红外光谱在分析化学领域的复兴。一方面，化学计量数据评估技术与漫反射测量相结合，开辟了对不同形态的固体聚合物进行非破坏性、合理的多组分分析和身份控制的可能性。另一方面，光纤的引入促进了传统近红外光谱在远程控制方面的巨大扩展。因此，特定的光纤探头可以将光谱仪和样品测量位置分开数百米，并极大地减轻有毒有害材料的分析，包括过程和反应控制。最近，新型快速扫描近红外单色仪系统的开发取得了进一步的进展，该系统无需机械移动部件，例如声光可调谐滤波器。最后但并非最不重要的一点是，尽管这里没有讨论，但采用 1064 nm Nd-YAG 激光激发的傅里叶变换拉曼光谱新方法原则上也是一种近红外技术。
Although near–infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been used over many decades for the – primarily quantitative – analysis of polymers containing OH–, NH– and CH–functionalities (e.g. determination of OH–number, water content and residual carbon–carbon double–bonds), it has never been established as a wide–spread analytical and physical tool comparable to other spectroscopic techniques. In the late seventies, however, two new developments have initiated a renaissance of NIR spectroscopy in analytical chemistry. On the one hand, chemo–metric data evaluation techniques have – in combination with diffuse reflection measurements – opened up the possibility of non–destructive, rational multicomponent analysis and identity control of solid polymers with varying morphologies. On the other hand, the introduction of optical light fibres has contributed to an enormous expansion of conventional NIR spectroscopy in terms of remote control. Thus, specific fibre–optic probes allow a separation of the spectrometer and the location of sample measurement over several hundred meters and tremendously alleviate the analysis of toxic and hazardous materials including process and reaction control. Recently, further progress is made by the development of new, rapid-scan NIR monochromator systems without mechanically moved parts, such as acousto–optic tunable filters. Last, but not least, it should be mentioned, that – although not treated here – the new approach of Fourier–Transform Raman spectroscopy with Nd–YAG laser excitation at 1064 nm is principally also a near–infrared technique.