Associations between early childhood caries, malnutrition and anemia: a global perspective
Associations between early childhood caries, malnutrition and anemia: a global perspective
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DOI：
10.1186/s40795-020-00340-z
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发表时间：
2020-05-04
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Obiyan, Mary
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin;El Tantawi, Maha;Obiyan, Mary
营养不良是大多数常见传染病的主要危险因素。本研究的目的是确定婴幼儿和学龄前儿童早期儿童龋病（ECC）患病率、营养不良和贫血之间的关系。方法从2000年至2017年的数据库中生成匹配的国家级ECC、营养不良和贫血患病率。开发了多变量一般线性模型，以评估结果变量（发育迟缓、消瘦、超重和贫血的患病率）与解释变量（ECC患病率）之间的关系，并根据人均国民总收入进行调整。计算调整后的回归系数(B)和偏eta平方。结果0 ~ 2岁儿童ECC患病率为23.8%(14.8)%，3 ~ 5岁儿童ECC患病率为57.3%(22.4%)%。平均（SD）消瘦率为6.3(4.8)%，超重率为7.2(4.9)%，发育迟缓率为24.3(13.5)%，贫血率为37.8(18.1)%。对于0-2岁儿童，ECC患病率与超重之间存在最强且唯一显著的关联（eta 2 = 0.21）： ECC患病率高1%与超重患病率高0.12%相关（B = 0.12, P = 0.03）。在3-5岁儿童中，ECC患病率与贫血之间存在最强且唯一的显著相关性（eta 2 = 0.08）： ECC患病率高1%与贫血患病率低0.14%相关（B = - 0.14, P = 0.048）。结论国家层面的ECC患病率与0-2岁儿童营养不良和3-5岁儿童贫血有关。ECC与超重的直接关系可能与饮食有关。ECC与贫血之间反向关系的途径尚不清楚，需要进一步研究。
Background Malnutrition is the main risk factor for most common communicable diseases. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between country-level prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC), malnutrition and anemia in infants and preschool children. Methods Matched country-level ECC, malnutrition and anemia prevalence were generated from databases covering the period 2000 to 2017. Multivariate general linear models were developed to assess the relationship between outcome variables (prevalence of stunting, wasting, overweight, and anemia) and the explanatory variable (ECC prevalence) adjusted for gross national income per capita. Adjusted regression coefficients (B) and partial eta squared were computed. Results The mean (standard deviation (SD)) ECC prevalence was 23.8 (14.8)% for 0-2 year-olds and 57.3 (22.4)% for 3-5-year-olds. The mean (SD) prevalence of wasting was 6.3 (4.8)%, overweight 7.2 (4.9)%, stunting 24.3 (13.5)%, and anemia 37.8 (18.1)%. For 0-2-year-olds, the strongest and only significant association was between the prevalence of ECC and overweight (eta 2 = 0.21): 1 % higher ECC prevalence was associated with 0.12% higher prevalence of overweight (B = 0.12, P = 0.03). In 3-5-year-olds, the strongest and only significant association was between the prevalence of ECC and anemia (eta 2 = 0.08): 1 % higher prevalence of ECC was associated with 0.14% lower prevalence of anemia (B = - 0.14, P = 0.048). Conclusion Country-level prevalence of ECC was associated with malnutrition in 0-2-year-olds and with anemia in 3-5-year-olds. The pathway for the direct relationship between ECC and overweight may be diet related. The pathway for the inverse relationship between ECC and anemia is less clear and needs further investigations.