Perceived risks and benefits of smoking: differences among adolescents with different smoking experiences and intentions
Perceived risks and benefits of smoking: differences among adolescents with different smoking experiences and intentions
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.02.017
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发表时间：
2004-09-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Rubinstein, ML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Halpern-Felsher, BL;Biehl, M;Rubinstein, ML
背景。对青少年吸烟的解释常常涉及到青少年认为自己不会受到伤害的信念。然而，对青少年是否承认风险的实证检验。此外，很少有研究考虑到青少年行为决策的感知利益。这项研究调查了吸烟与不吸烟、吸烟与不打算吸烟的青少年之间与吸烟相关的身体和社会风险和益处。方法。395名学生（平均年龄为14.0岁）完成了一项关于他们吸烟经历、意图以及吸烟的风险和益处的调查。结果。青少年吸烟者和那些打算吸烟的人估计他们经历与吸烟相关的负面结果的可能性比不吸烟者和不打算吸烟的人要小。吸烟者和意图者也报告说，上瘾的可能性比其他人要小。相比之下，青少年吸烟者和有意吸烟者比不吸烟者和无意吸烟者更有可能体验到与吸烟相关的好处。结论。数据表明，与其仅仅把健康风险作为阻止青少年吸烟的一种方式，还不如把认识到的社会风险和益处在青少年吸烟中所起的作用作为干预的另一个关键重点。此外，应努力提高青少年对香烟成瘾性的认识。(C) 2004癌症预防研究所和爱思唯尔公司。版权所有。
Background. Explanations of adolescent smoking often make reference to adolescents' beliefs that they are invulnerable to harm. However, empirical examination of whether adolescents do acknowledge risks. Further, few studies have considered perceived benefits in adolescents' behavioral decisions. This study examined perceived smoking-related physical and social risks and benefits between adolescents who have vs. have not smoked and do vs. do not intend to smoke. Methods. Three hundred and ninety-five students (mean age = 14.0) completed a survey concerning their smoking experiences, intentions, and perceived risks and benefits of smoking. Results. Adolescent smokers and those who intend to smoke estimated their chance of experiencing a smoking-related negative outcome as less likely than did nonsmokers and non-intenders. Smokers and intenders also reported the chance of addiction as less likely than did others. In contrast, adolescent smokers and intenders perceived the chance of experiencing a smoking-related benefit as more likely than did nonsmokers and non-intenders. Conclusions. The data suggest that rather than solely focusing on health risks as a way to deter adolescent smoking, the role of perceived social risks and benefits in adolescents' smoking may be an additional critical focus for intervention. In addition, efforts should be made to increase adolescents' awareness of the addictive nature of cigarettes. (C) 2004 The Institute For Cancer Prevention and Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.