Mood & alcohol-related attentional biases: New considerations for gender differences and reliability of the visual-probe task
Mood & alcohol-related attentional biases: New considerations for gender differences and reliability of the visual-probe task
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.06.007
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Simons, Jeffrey S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Emery, Noah N.;Simons, Jeffrey S.
简介：与酒精相关的注意力偏差与饮酒史呈正相关，并且可能代表了随着时间的推移维持饮酒行为的机制。这项研究旨在解决与酒精相关的注意力偏差有关的两个尚未解决的问题。具体来说，这项研究测试了积极和消极情绪的急剧变化是否会增加对酒精线索的注意力偏差，以及应对和增强饮酒动机是否会减轻这些影响。 方法：参与者是 100 名年龄在 18-25 岁之间的大学生，他们在过去 90 天内至少饮酒过一次。在 2 x 3 混合设计中，参与者被随机分配到三种情绪条件（中性、消极或积极）中的一种，并在情绪诱导前后完成视觉探测任务。结果：对酒精线索的注意偏差与男性的饮酒量显着相关，但与女性的饮酒量无关。尽管情绪操纵非常成功，但注意力偏差并没有随着情绪状况而变化，并且假设饮酒动机的调节作用并不显着。 结论：鉴于视觉探测任务的可靠性较差，对实验的大部分无效结果进行了讨论。讨论了与视觉探测任务的可靠性相关的问题，因为需要更多的研究来评估和改进该方法的心理测量。 (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. 保留所有权利。
Introduction: Alcohol-related attentional biases are positively associated with drinking history and may represent a mechanism by which alcohol use behavior is maintained over time. This study was designed to address two unresolved issues regarding alcohol-related attention biases. Specifically, this study tested whether acute changes in positive and negative mood increase attentional biases toward alcohol cues and whether coping and enhancement drinking motives moderate these effects.Methods: Participants were 100 college students aged 18-25, who drank alcohol at least once in the last 90 days. In a 2 x 3 mixed design, participants were randomized to one of three mood conditions (neutral, negative, or positive) and completed visual-probe tasks pre- and post-mood-induction.Results: Attentional biases toward alcohol cues were significantly associated with alcohol consumption among men, but not women. Although the mood manipulation was highly successful, attentional biases did not vary as a function of mood condition and hypothesized moderating effects of drinking motives were not significant.Conclusions: The largely null findings of the experiment are discussed in light of the fact that the visual probe task had poor reliability. Issues related to the reliability of visual-probe task are discussed, as more research is needed to evaluate and improve the psychometrics of this method. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.