Drug abuse patterns, personality characteristics, and relationships with sex, race, and sensation seeking.
Drug abuse patterns, personality characteristics, and relationships with sex, race, and sensation seeking.
复制标题
药物滥用模式、人格特征以及与性别、种族和感觉寻求的关系。
DOI：
10.1037/0022-006x.46.6.1374
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发表时间：
1978
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
A. Allain
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Sutker;Robert P. Archer;A. Allain
南卡罗来纳医科大学精神病学和行为科学系对84名长期服用非法药物的人的性别、种族、吸毒模式和人格变量之间的相互关系进行了研究。受试者使用明尼苏达多相人格问卷、SensationSeeking量表和Shipley Institute of Living Scale，并使用背景信息问卷进行访谈。用协方差分析和卡方检验，将受试者分为高感觉寻求组、中等感觉寻求组和低感觉寻求组，比较了性别和种族亚组在个性和药物使用变量上的差异。与白人相比，黑人的特点是较低的感觉寻求水平，较少的精神病，较少使用毒品猫，以及较晚的药物使用。女性的使用和个性模式与男性几乎没有什么不同。感觉寻求水平与特定的人格特征、吸毒类别和首次饮酒动机有关。吸毒者的心理特征研究是从描述和区分成瘾与其他临床依赖类别的代表的尝试中发展起来的。最近，研究人员比较了药物滥用亚组(按种族和性别划分)在人格维度或吸毒模式上的差异。女性和白色地毯滥用者被证明比男性和非白人更具精神病理学(DeLeon，1974；Olson，1964)，而且性被发现与药物类型和使用的种类的选择有关，特别是在男性中(K‘aestner，Rosen，&Appl，1977)。Suffet和Brotman(1976)报道
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesMedical University of South CarolinaInterrelationships among sex, race, drug use patterns, and personality variableswere examined in a sample of 84 chronic users of illicit drugs. Subjects wereadministered the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, the SensationSeeking Scale, and the Shipley Institute of Living Scale and were interviewedusing the Background Information Questionnaire. Comparisons were made be-tween sex and ethnic subgroups on personality and drug use variables usinganalysis of covariance and chi-square procedures for subjects classified intohigh-, medium-, and low-sensation-seeking groups. Blacks were characterized bylower levels of sensation seeking, less psychopathology, use of fewer drug cat-egories, and later drug use than whites. Use and personality patterns amongwomen differed little from those of men. Levels of sensation seeking were re-lated to specific personality constellations, number of drug categories used, andmotive for first alcohol use.Research on the psychological character-istics of drug abusers h'as developed fromattempts to describe and differentiate addictsfrom representatives of other clinically de-viant categories. More recently, investigatorshave compared drug abuse subgroups (de-fined by race and sex) on personality dimen-sions or drug use patterns. Female and whitedrug abusers have been shown to demonstrategreater psychopathology than males and non-whites (DeLeon, 1974; Olson, 1964), andethnicity was found to be related to choiceof drug type and variety used, particularlyamong men (K'aestner, Rosen, & Appel,1977). Suffet and Brotman (1976) reported