Predictors of HIV-1 serostatus disclosure: a prospective study among HIV-infected pregnant women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Predictors of HIV-1 serostatus disclosure: a prospective study among HIV-infected pregnant women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1097/00002030-200109280-00017
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发表时间：
2001-09-28
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Fawzi, WW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Antelman, G;Fawzi, MCS;Fawzi, WW
目的：调查坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆妇女披露艾滋病毒阳性检测结果的社会人口和行为因素。 设计：从 1995 年 4 月到 2000 年 5 月，1078 名艾滋病毒阳性孕妇参加了一项正在进行的关于微量营养素和 HIV-1 垂直传播和进展的随机试验。测试后咨询 2 个月后以及 6 个月的随访时评估是否向伴侣或女性亲属披露信息。在基线和随访期间测量社会人口、健康、行为和心理因素。方法：使用 Cox 比例风险回归模型确定披露 HIV 血清状态时间的预测因素。结果：向伴侣披露信息的比例从 2 个月内的 22% 到近 4 年后的 40%。如果女性同居、从事低工资工作、之前向女性亲属透露过情况或报告曾经使用过现代避孕方法，则她们不太可能向伴侣透露。报告一生性伴侣少于六人或认识艾滋病毒/酒精综合症患者的女性更有可能向其伴侣透露情况。向女性亲属披露信息的条件是认识两个以上的艾滋病毒/艾滋病患者、经济上完全依赖其伴侣、高水平的社会支持以及事先参加支持小组会议。 结论：相当大比例的艾滋病毒感染孕妇从未向伴侣或女性近亲透露过自己的检测结果。缺乏披露可能会限制他们采取预防行为或获得必要的情感支持来应对血清状态或疾病的能力。 (C) 2001 年利平科特威廉姆斯和威尔金斯。
Objectives: To examine the socio-demographic and behavioral factors predictive of women's disclosure of an HIV-positive test result in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Design: From April 1995 to May 2000, 1078 HIV-positive pregnant women participated in an ongoing randomized trial on micronutrients and HIV-1 vertical transmission and progression. Disclosure to a partner or to a female relative was assessed 2 months after post-test counseling and at 6 monthly follow-up visits. Socio-demographic, health, behavioral and psychological factors were measured at baseline and during follow-up.Methods: Predictors of time to disclosure of HIV serostatus were determined using Cox proportional hazards regression models.Results: Prevalence of disclosure to a partner ranged from 22% within 2 months to 40% after nearly 4 years. Women were less likely to disclose to their partners if they were cohabiting, had low wage employment, had previously disclosed to a female relative, or reported ever-use of a modern contraceptive method. Women reporting fewer than six lifetime sexual partners or knowing someone with HIV/AlDS were more likely to disclose to their partners. Disclosure to a female relative was predicted by knowing more than two individuals with HIV/AIDS, full economic dependency on their partner, high levels of social support, and prior attendance at a support group meeting.Conclusions: A substantial proportion of HIV-infected pregnant women never disclosed their result to a partner or a close female relative. Lack of disclosure may have limited their ability to engage in preventive behaviors or to obtain the necessary emotional support for coping with their serostatus or illness. (C) 2001 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.