Gut microbiota-derived lipopolysaccharide uptake and trafficking to adipose tissue: implications for inflammation and obesity
Gut microbiota-derived lipopolysaccharide uptake and trafficking to adipose tissue: implications for inflammation and obesity
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DOI：
10.1111/obr.12370
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发表时间：
2016-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Loft, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hersoug, L. G.;Moller, P.;Loft, S.
肠道微生物群的组成和过量摄入高脂饮食（HFD）被认为是肥胖发展的重要因素。在这篇综述中，我们描述了一个连贯的作用机制，为肥胖的发展，这涉及到肠道微生物群的组成，HFD，低度炎症，脂肪移位酶和清道夫受体CD 36的表达，和清道夫受体类B 1型（SR-BI）。SR-BI与革兰氏阴性菌的脂质和脂多糖（LPS）结合，可促进乳糜微粒（CM）中LPS的掺入。这些CM通过淋巴转运至循环，其中LPS通过移位酶转移至其他脂蛋白，优先转移至HDL。LPS增加SR-BI结合、脂蛋白在内皮屏障上的转胞吞作用和脂肪细胞中的内吞作用。特别是具有高代谢活性的大尺寸脂肪细胞吸收富含LPS的脂蛋白。此外，脂肪组织中的巨噬细胞内化LPS-脂蛋白。这可能有助于从M2到M1表型的极化，这是肥大期间LPS递送到组织中增加的结果。总之，有证据表明，LPS作为脂肪组织中脂质递送和储存的直接靶向分子参与肥胖的发展。
The composition of the gut microbiota and excessive ingestion of high-fat diets (HFD) are considered to be important factors for development of obesity. In this review we describe a coherent mechanism of action for the development of obesity, which involves the composition of gut microbiota, HFD, low-grade inflammation, expression of fat translocase and scavenger receptor CD36, and the scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-BI). SR-BI binds to both lipids and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Gram-negative bacteria, which may promote incorporation of LPS in chylomicrons (CMs). These CMs are transported via lymph to the circulation, where LPS is transferred to other lipoproteins by translocases, preferentially to HDL. LPS increases the SR-BI binding, transcytosis of lipoproteins over the endothelial barrier,and endocytosis in adipocytes. Especially large size adipocytes with high metabolic activity absorb LPS-rich lipoproteins. In addition, macrophages in adipose tissue internalize LPS-lipoproteins. This may contribute to the polarization from M2 to M1 phenotype, which is a consequence of increased LPS delivery into the tissue during hypertrophy. In conclusion, evidence suggests that LPS is involved in the development of obesity as a direct targeting molecule for lipid delivery and storage in adipose tissue.