Overview of ELISA in relation to other disciplines.
Overview of ELISA in relation to other disciplines.
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-60327-254-4_1
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发表时间：
2009-01-01
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本章探讨了需要哪些科学领域才能最佳地使用 ELISA，并指出它们之间的关系。这些信息对于学生和指导学生的人很有用。带有要点简要描述的图表用于说明这种关系。本练习的本质是考虑操作员在使用 ELISA 时的确切要求。关注增加这些领域的知识对于生产可行的 ELISA 的开发工作以及所设计的任何测试的最终价值都是至关重要的。应重点关注尽可能清晰地定义 ELISA 的目标。针对特定疾病的诊断测试的开发需要已知与该疾病的生物学有关的所有其他数据，例如试剂的抗原性和结构、感染后不同动物中的抗体产生、通过不同测定对抗体的定性评估以及标准或对照血清的可用性。必须注意现有的实验室设施，例如设备、已开发的试剂、小型实验动物、实验大型动物、购买商业产品的现金以及训练有素的人员。通过这种方式，产生可持续测试来解决已定义问题的机会明显大于通过缺乏前瞻性规划或没有前瞻性规划的涉足技术开发测试的机会。
This chapter examines what areas of science are needed to allow optimal use of ELISA and notes their relationships. This information is useful for students and those instructing students. Diagrams, with brief descriptions of key points, are used to illustrate such relationships. Inherent in this exercise are considerations of the exact requirements by the operators in using the ELISA. Attention to increasing knowledge in those areas highlighted is essential both in developmental work to produce a working ELISA and in the ultimate value of any test devised. A good deal of attention should be directed at defining, as clearly as possible, the objectives for the ELISA. The development of a diagnostic test for a specific disease requires that all other data pertaining to the biology of that disease, e.g., antigenicity and structure of the agent, antibody production in different animals following infection, qualitative assessment of antibodies by different assays, and availability of standard or control sera, are known. Some attention must be paid to the laboratory facilities available, e.g., equipment, reagents already developed, small laboratory animals, experimental large animals, cash to buy commercial products, and trained personnel. In this way, the chances of producing a sustainable test to solve the defined problem are significantly greater than when a test is developed by a dabbling technique with poor or no forward planning.