The development of academic family medicine in central and eastern Europe since 1990
The development of academic family medicine in central and eastern Europe since 1990
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/1471-2296-14-37
复制
发表时间：
2013-03-19
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Windak, Adam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Krzton-Krolewiecka, Anna;Svab, Igor;Windak, Adam
背景：自 20 世纪 90 年代初以来，前共产主义国家一直在改革其医疗保健体系，强调初级保健的关键作用，并承认家庭医学作为一门专业和一门学科。本研究评估了中欧和东欧 (CEE) 国家以教育和研究为特色的学科的学术发展水平。 方法：在 11 个中欧和东欧国家以及俄罗斯进行的一项关键知情人研究，采用基于系统文献综述和小组讨论的调查问卷。结果：家庭医学在中东欧国家现已被正式认可为医学专业，并成功引入本科和研究生水平的医学培训。几乎所有大学都设有 FM/GP 系，但只有少数是由全科医生领导的。除俄罗斯外，所有国家的专家培训计划均符合欧洲议会的建议。 FM/GP 研究的结构化支持并不总是可用。然而，除俄罗斯外，几乎所有国家都有特定的科学组织运作。所有国家都定期举办科学会议，但只有一半国家出版了同行评审期刊。结论：家庭医学在中东欧医学教育中具有相对较强的地位，但家庭实践研究欠发达。尽管该学科在大学中的地位不是很强，但大多数中东欧国家可以成为家庭医学尚未得到充分认可的南欧国家学术发展成功的典范。
Background: Since the early 1990s former communist countries have been reforming their health care systems, emphasizing the key role of primary care and recognizing family medicine as a specialty and an academic discipline. This study assesses the level of academic development of the discipline characterised by education and research in central and eastern European (CEE) countries.Methods: A key informants study, using a questionnaire developed on the basis of a systematic literature review and panel discussions, conducted in 11 central and eastern European countries and Russia.Results: Family medicine in CEE countries is now formally recognized as a medical specialty and successfully introduced into medical training at undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Almost all universities have FM/GP departments, but only a few of them are led by general practitioners. The specialist training programmes in all countries except Russia fulfil the recommendations of the European Parliament. Structured support for research in FM/GP is not always available. However specific scientific organisations function in almost all countries except Russia. Scientific conferences are regularly organised in all the countries, but peer-reviewed journals are published in only half of them.Conclusions: Family medicine has a relatively strong position in medical education in central and eastern Europe, but research in family practice is less developed. Although the position of the discipline at the universities is not very strong, most of the CEE countries can serve as an example of successful academic development for countries southern Europe, where family medicine is still not fully recognised.