The effect of personal experience with mental illness on the attitude towards individuals suffering from mental disorders
The effect of personal experience with mental illness on the attitude towards individuals suffering from mental disorders
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00783420
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发表时间：
1996-11-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Matschinger, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Angermeyer, MC;Matschinger, H
基于1990年和1993年在德国进行的两次人口调查的结果，我们检验了精神疾病的个人经历在多大程度上影响了人们对精神病患者的态度。与没有任何个人经历的受访者相比，熟悉精神疾病的受访者表现出更频繁的亲社会反应。他们的反应也往往不那么恐惧。就以攻击性回应的倾向而言，如果有的话，只有很小的差异。有亲身经历的人倾向于对患有精神障碍的人采取反感和疏远的态度。我们的结果更有说服力，因为我们能够通过两个独立的样本来证明个人对精神疾病的经历和态度之间的关系。有迹象显示，个人接触精神病会对一个人对精神障碍的态度产生积极影响，而我们的发现不仅仅是可能的选择效应的结果，也就是说，对精神病患者持更积极态度的人会更倾向于与后者保持联系，因此对精神疾病有更多的经验。
Based on the results of two population surveys conducted in Germany during 1990 and 1993, we examined to what extent personal experience with mental illness might influence attitudes towards the mentally ill. Respondents familiar with mental illness displayed prosocial reactions more frequently than those without any personal experience. They also tended to react less fearfully. There were only small differences, if any, as far as the tendency to respond with aggression was concerned. People with personal experience tended less to adopt an antipathetic and distancing attitude towards individuals suffering from mental disorders. Our results are all the more persuasive as we were able to demonstrate this relationship between personal experience with and attitude towards mental illness for two independent samples. There were indications that personal exposure to mental illness exerts a positive influence on a person's attitude towards the disorder and that our findings were not merely the results of possible selection effects, that is to say, that individuals with a more positive attitude towards the mentally ill would have been more inclined to stay in touch with the latter, therefore having greater experience with mental illness.