Trends in NOx and NO2 emissions from road traffic in Great Britain
Trends in NOx and NO2 emissions from road traffic in Great Britain
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.02.028
复制
发表时间：
2012-07-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Carslaw, David C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Beevers, Sean D.;Westmoreland, Emily;Carslaw, David C.
在本文中，我们将详细的道路交通氮氧化物排放与环境路边氮氧化物测量的等效趋势进行了比较。这是在大不列颠和伦敦分别进行的，针对所有的主要道路，以及道路类型和位置。排放趋势是使用不同的排放因子创建的，这些因子用于英国排放清单（基本情况）、瑞士-德国手册（HBEFA）和英国最近的遥感测量（RSD）。在铰接式重型货车（HGV）车队中使用选择性催化还原（SCR）的另一种假设也进行了测试。对于所有场景的交通流量，速度和车辆年龄保持不变。对英国排放情景的比较表明，到2009年，道路交通产生的氮氧化物排放量估计可能比英国目前的估计高出25%，伦敦则高出31%。RSD排放清单显示，从2004年到2009年，氮氧化物排放量的下降趋势最小，为3%至4%/年，而基本情景和HBEFA情景的下降幅度接近6%/年。与英国站点的路边氮氧化物测量趋势相比，所有方案都不理想，通常每年减少1%至2%。我们已经表明，氮氧化物排放趋势的差异至少部分是由轻型柴油车辆的相对贡献驱动的。对全欧洲2700个氮氧化物测量点的分析表明，这一问题不太可能仅限于英国，并确定了在满足欧盟二氧化氮限值、国家排放上限指令（NECD， 2001年）和哥德堡议定书（UNECE， 1999年）的义务以及预测PM2.5未来变化方面存在困难。(C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd.版权所有。
In this paper we have compared detailed road traffic NOx emissions with the equivalent trends in ambient roadside NOx measurements. This was undertaken separately in Great Britain and London, for all of the major roads, and by road type and location. The emissions trends were created using different emissions factors, those used in UK emissions inventories (Base case), the Swiss-German handbook (HBEFA), and those created from recent remote sensing measurements in the UK (RSD). An alternative assumption for use of Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) in the articulated Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV) fleet was also tested. For all scenarios traffic flows, speeds and vehicle age were kept constant. Comparison between the emissions scenarios in Great Britain showed that by 2009, NOx emissions estimates from road traffic could be as much as 25% greater than current UK estimates and 31% greater in London. The RSD emissions inventory gave the smallest downward trend in NOx emissions, from 2004 to 2009, of between 3 and 4%/year and this compared with a reduction of similar to 6%/year from the Base Case and HBEFA scenarios. All scenarios compared poorly with roadside NOx measurement trends from UK sites, which typically reduce by between 1% and 2%/year. We have shown that the differences in NOx emissions trends were driven, partially at least, by the relative contribution from light duty diesel vehicles. An analysis from 2700 NOx measurement sites throughout Europe has shown that this problem is unlikely to be limited to the UK, and identifies a difficulty in meeting EU limit values for NO2, obligations under the National Emission Ceilings Directive (NECD, 2001) and the Gothenburg Protocol (UNECE, 1999) and for forecasting future changes in PM2.5. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.