Self-Assembling Peptide Amphiphile Nanofibers as a Scaffold for Dental Stem Cells
Self-Assembling Peptide Amphiphile Nanofibers as a Scaffold for Dental Stem Cells
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DOI：
10.1089/ten.tea.2007.0413
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
D'Souza, Rena N.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Galler, Kerstin M.;Cavender, Adriana;D'Souza, Rena N.
龋病仍然是世界上最常见的传染病之一。到目前为止，现有的治疗方法仅依赖于用惰性生物材料取代腐烂的软组织和矿化组织。作为开发新的再生策略和工程牙科组织的途径，将两种牙科干细胞系与多肽-两亲性(PA)水凝胶支架相结合。Pas自组装成三维纳米纤维网络，活细胞就可以被包裹起来。细胞-基质的相互作用是通过加入细胞黏附序列RGD和一个可酶切割的位点来定制的。用不同的成骨补充剂在PA水凝胶中培养人脱落牙干细胞和牙髓干细胞。这两种细胞系都在水凝胶中增殖和分化。组织学分析显示凝胶降解，细胞外基质产生。然而，可以观察到这两种细胞系之间的明显差异。棚内呈纺锤形形态，增殖率高，并产生胶原蛋白，导致软组织形成。相反，DPSC减少了增殖，但表现出成骨细胞样表型，表达成骨细胞标志基因，并沉积矿物质。由于水凝胶易于操作，并且可以引入到微小的缺陷中，因此这种新的系统可能适合于工程化软基质和矿化基质以用于牙齿组织再生。
Dental caries remains one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in the world. So far, available treatment methods rely on the replacement of decayed soft and mineralized tissue with inert biomaterials alone. As an approach to develop novel regenerative strategies and engineer dental tissues, two dental stem cell lines were combined with peptide-amphiphile (PA) hydrogel scaffolds. PAs self-assemble into three-dimensional networks of nanofibers, and living cells can be encapsulated. Cell-matrix interactions were tailored by incorporation of the cell adhesion sequence RGD and an enzyme-cleavable site. SHED (stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth) and DPSC (dental pulp stem cells) were cultured in PA hydrogels for 4 weeks using different osteogenic supplements. Both cell lines proliferate and differentiate within the hydrogels. Histologic analysis shows degradation of the gels and extracellular matrix production. However, distinct differences between the two cell lines can be observed. SHED show a spindle-shaped morphology, high proliferation rates, and collagen production, resulting in soft tissue formation. In contrast, DPSC reduce proliferation, but exhibit an osteoblast-like phenotype, express osteoblast marker genes, and deposit mineral. Since the hydrogels are easy to handle and can be introduced into small defects, this novel system might be suitable for engineering both soft and mineralized matrices for dental tissue regeneration.