Nutrient components, health benefits, and safety of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.): A review.
Nutrient components, health benefits, and safety of litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.): A review.
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荔枝 (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) 的营养成分、健康益处和安全性：综述。
DOI：
10.1111/1541-4337.12590
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发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Hu Zhuoyan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao Lei;Wang Kun;Wang Kai;Zhu Jie;Hu Zhuoyan
荔枝（Litchi chinensis Sonn.）是一种热带至亚热带水果，在全球20多个国家广泛种植。它通常是新鲜的或加工过的，因为它味道鲜美，颜色诱人，营养价值高，已经成为最受欢迎的水果之一。整个荔枝果实不仅被用作食物来源，而且还具有药用价值。作为一种传统中药，荔枝几个世纪以来一直被用来治疗胃溃疡、糖尿病、咳嗽、腹泻和消化不良，以及杀死肠道蠕虫。体外和体内研究表明，整个荔枝果实具有抗氧化、降血糖、保肝、降血脂和抗肥胖活性，并具有抗癌、抗动脉粥样硬化、降血压、神经保护和免疫调节活性。荔枝的健康益处归功于其广泛的营养成分，其中多糖和多酚已被证明具有各种有益的特性。荔枝多糖和多酚的多样性和组成对其生物活性有重要影响。此外，食用新鲜荔枝及其制品可能会导致一些不良反应，如瘙痒、荨麻疹、嘴唇肿胀、喉咙肿胀、呼吸困难或腹泻。这些安全问题可能是由荔枝中的可溶性蛋白引起的，可引起过敏和炎症反应。为了使荔枝在食品、医疗和化妆品等行业得到合理的应用，本文对荔枝的营养成分、健康益处和安全性等方面的研究进展进行了综述。
Litchi (Litchi chinensis Sonn.) is a tropical to subtropical fruit that is widely cultivated in more than 20 countries worldwide. It is normally consumed as fresh or processed and has become one of the most popular fruits because it has a delicious flavor, attractive color, and high nutritive value. Whole litchi fruits have been used not only as a food source but also for medicinal purposes. As a traditional Chinese medicine, litchi has been used for centuries to treat stomach ulcers, diabetes, cough, diarrhea, and dyspepsia, as well as to kill intestinal worms. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have indicated that whole litchi fruits exhibit antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, and antiobesity activities and show anticancer, antiatherosclerotic, hypotensive, neuroprotective, and immunomodulatory activities. The health benefits of litchi have been attributed to its wide range of nutritional components, among which polysaccharides and polyphenols have been proven to possess various beneficial properties. The diversity and composition of litchi polysaccharides and polyphenols have vital influences on their biological activities. In addition, consuming fresh litchi and its products could lead to some adverse reactions for some people such as pruritus, urticaria, swelling of the lips, swelling of the throat, dyspnea, or diarrhea. These safety problems are probably caused by the soluble protein in litchi that could cause anaphylactic and inflammatory reactions. To achieve reasonable applications of litchi in the food, medical and cosmetics industries, this review focuses on recent findings related to the nutrient components, health benefits, and safety of litchi.
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DOI：
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