The effects of clonidine and dexmedetomidine on human neutrophil functions
The effects of clonidine and dexmedetomidine on human neutrophil functions
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DOI：
10.1097/00000539-199902000-00042
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发表时间：
1999-02-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Niwa, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishina, K;Akamatsu, H;Niwa, Y
神经元的功能被各种麻醉剂抑制。可乐定和右美托咪定是α 2-激动剂，常用作麻醉剂。因此，我们进行了当前研究，以使用体外系统确定临床（或兽医麻醉）相关浓度（以及这些浓度的10倍和100倍）的可乐定、右美托咪定和甲苯噻嗪对人中性粒细胞功能的几个方面的影响。除了最高浓度的可乐定抑制趋化性外，三种α 2受体激动剂对中性粒细胞的趋化性、吞噬作用或超氧阴离子（O-2（-））产生无影响。可乐定、右美托咪定或甲苯噻嗪均不影响趋化因子刺激的中性粒细胞内钙浓度升高。不变的钙浓度可能导致调节中性粒细胞功能失败。此外，这些药物不抑制无细胞（黄嘌呤-黄嘌呤氧化酶）系统产生的O-2（-）。这是关于可乐定或右美托咪定对人中性粒细胞功能影响的首次报告。我们的研究结果表明，在感染患者中使用α 2受体激动剂时，我们可能不必采取额外的预防措施，但我们不能期望这些药物能够预防自身组织损伤，其发病机制包括中性粒细胞的激活。意义：中性粒细胞参与抗菌宿主防御系统和自身组织损伤。我们发现临床相关浓度的可乐定和右美托咪定不影响人中性粒细胞的趋化性、吞噬作用或超氧化物产生。这些发现表明，在感染、脓毒症或全身性炎症患者中使用α 2受体激动剂时可能不需要特别小心。
Neutrophil functions are inhibited by various anesthetics. Clonidine and dexmedetomidine, alpha(2)-agonists, are often used as adjuncts to anesthesia. Thus, we conducted the current study to determine the effect of clonidine, dexmedetomidine, and xylazine at clinically (or veterinary anesthetically) relevant concentrations (and 10 and 100 times these concentrations) on several aspects of human neutrophil functions using an in vitro system. The three alpha(2)-agonists had no effects on chemotaxis, phagocytosis, or superoxide anion (O-2(-)) production of neutrophils, except that the highest concentration of clonidine inhibited chemotaxis. Increases in intracellular calcium concentrations in neutrophils stimulated by chemotaxin were not influenced by clonidine, dexmedetomidine, or xylazine. Unchanged calcium concentrations may contribute to failure to modulate the neutrophil functions. In addition, these drugs did not scavenge O-2(-) generated by the cell-free (xanthine-xanthine oxidase) system. This is the first report concerning the effect of clonidine or dexmedetomidine on human neutrophil functions. Our findings suggest that we may not have to take extra precautions in using the alpha(2)-agonists in patients with infection, but that we cannot expect these drugs to be prophylaxis against autotissue injuries whose pathogenesis includes activation of neutrophils. Implications: Neutrophils are involved in the antibacterial host defense system and autotissue injury. We found that clinically relevant concentrations of clonidine and dexmedetomidine do not affect chemotaxis, phagocytosis, or superoxide production by human neutrophils. These findings indicate that it may not be necessary to take special care in using alpha(2)-agonists in patients with infection, sepsis, or systemic inflammation.