Beneficial and Harmful Interactions of Antibiotics with Microbial Pathogens and the Host Innate Immune System.
Beneficial and Harmful Interactions of Antibiotics with Microbial Pathogens and the Host Innate Immune System.
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DOI：
10.3390/ph3051694
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发表时间：
2010-05-25
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Feldman C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anderson R;Tintinger G;Cockeran R;Potjo M;Feldman C
一般来说，抗生素与宿主防御系统相互作用，削弱和降低微生物病原体的毒力，从而增加宿主内在抗微生物系统对吞噬和根除的脆弱性。然而，抗生素也通过其他几种机制与宿主防御相互作用，有些是有害的，有些是有益的。有害活动包括潜在破坏性炎症反应的加剧，这是细胞壁靶向剂的一种性质，可促进促炎微生物细胞毒素和细胞壁组分的释放。另一方面，细菌蛋白质合成的抑制剂，特别是大环内酯类，具有有益的抗炎/细胞保护活性，这是由于干扰微生物毒力因子/细胞毒素的产生。除了这些病原体导向的抗炎活性之外，某些类别的抗微生物剂具有与其常规抗微生物活性无关的次级抗炎性质，其靶向先天免疫系统的细胞，特别是嗜中性粒细胞。这是抗生素的一种相对罕见的、潜在有益的性质，已在大环内酯类、咪唑类抗真菌药、氟喹诺酮类和四环素类中描述过。尽管在临床环境中的重要性在很大程度上未经证实，但提高对抗生素促炎和抗炎特性的认识可能有助于更好地识别和有效地使用这些药物。
In general antibiotics interact cooperatively with host defences, weakening and decreasing the virulence of microbial pathogens, thereby increasing vulnerability to phagocytosis and eradication by the intrinsic antimicrobial systems of the host. Antibiotics, however, also interact with host defences by several other mechanisms, some harmful, others beneficial. Harmful activities include exacerbation of potentially damaging inflammatory responses, a property of cell-wall targeted agents, which promotes the release of pro-inflammatory microbial cytotoxins and cell-wall components. On the other hand, inhibitors of bacterial protein synthesis, especially macrolides, possess beneficial anti-inflammatory/cytoprotective activities, which result from interference with the production of microbial virulence factors/cytotoxins. In addition to these pathogen-directed, anti-inflammatory activities, some classes of antimicrobial agent possess secondary anti-inflammatory properties, unrelated to their conventional antimicrobial activities, which target cells of the innate immune system, particularly neutrophils. This is a relatively uncommon, potentially beneficial property of antibiotics, which has been described for macrolides, imidazole anti-mycotics, fluoroquinolones, and tetracyclines. Although of largely unproven significance in the clinical setting, increasing awareness of the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties of antibiotics may contribute to a more discerning and effective use of these agents.