Reflections on cavitation nuclei in water
Reflections on cavitation nuclei in water
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DOI：
10.1063/1.2747210
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Morch, K. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Morch, K. A.
自空化研究早期以来，空化气泡（空化核）的起源一直是争论的话题。本文对空化起始和水的拉伸强度的实验研究的代表性选择进行了分析。在大气压下，表层稳定自由气泡的可能性已被记录，但仅限于气泡尺寸范围内，使它们负责高达约 1.5 bar 的拉伸强度，并且已测量到接近 300 bar 的值。然而，空化核也可以隐藏在颗粒和边界壁的表面上。当考虑到实验条件的差异时，这种核可以与测量的整个拉伸强度范围相关。表面是否存在污染物以及表面的结构是解释为什么水的拉伸强度在所报告的实验之间变化如此之大的核心。提出了计算蒙皮覆盖的自由气泡以及被蒙皮覆盖的界面气态核的临界压力的模型。这个模型能够弥合多年来一直在该领域工作的许多科学家明显相互矛盾的结果。 (c) 2007 年美国物理研究所。
The origin of cavitation bubbles, cavitation nuclei, has been a subject of debate since the early years of cavitation research. This paper presents an analysis of a representative selection of experimental investigations of cavitation inception and the tensile strength of water. At atmospheric pressure, the possibility of stabilization of free gas bubbles by a skin has been documented, but only within a range of bubble sizes that makes them responsible for tensile strengths up to about 1.5 bar, and values reaching almost 300 bar have been measured. However, cavitation nuclei can also be harbored on the surface of particles and bounding walls. Such nuclei can be related to the full range of tensile strengths measured, when differences of experimental conditions are taken into consideration. The absence or presence of contamination on surfaces, as well as the structure of the surfaces, are central to explaining why the tensile strength of water varies so dramatically between the experiments reported. A model for calculation of the critical pressure of skin-covered free gas bubbles as well as that of interfacial gaseous nuclei covered by a skin is presented. This model is able to bridge the apparently conflicting results of the many scientists, who have been working in the field over the years. (c) 2007 American Institute of Physics.