Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling of a Bose-Einstein Condensate with Attractive Interaction
Macroscopic Quantum Tunneling of a Bose-Einstein Condensate with Attractive Interaction
复制标题
具有吸引相互作用的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的宏观量子隧道
DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.80.1576
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发表时间：
1998
影响因子：
8.6
通讯作者：
A. Leggett
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Masahito Ueda;A. Leggett
一个具有吸引相互作用的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚可以是亚稳态的，如果它是空间受限的，并且凝聚玻色子的数量N 0小于某个临界值N {\rmc}。通过应用变分法和瞬子技术的Gross-Pitaevskii能量泛函，我们发现解析的集体激发的频率和宏观量子隧穿率（MQT）。我们发现在临界点附近隧穿指数根据$（1-N_0/N_c）^\frac{5}{4}$为零，并且当N_0 $非常接近$N_{\rmc}$时，MQT可以是凝聚体的主要衰变机制.
A Bose-Einstein condensate with attractive interaction can be metastable if it is spatially confined and if the number of condensate bosons $N_0$ is below a certain critical value $N_{\rm c}$. By applying a variational method and the instanton techinique to the Gross-Pitaevskii energy functional, we find analytically the frequency of the collective excitation and the rate of macroscopic quantum tunneling (MQT). We show that near the critical point the tunneling exponent vanishes according to $(1-N_0/N_c)^\frac{5}{4}$ and that MQT can be a dominant decay mechanism of the condensate for $N_0$ very close to $N_{\rm c}$.