Determinants of mortality among children in the urban slums of Dhaka city, Bangladesh
Determinants of mortality among children in the urban slums of Dhaka city, Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-3156.1999.00485.x
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发表时间：
1999-11-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Kvåle, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hussain, A;Ali, SMK;Kvåle, G
发展中国家日益增长的贫民窟人口对当地卫生当局来说是一个日益严峻的挑战。对疾病发生的模式，包括在该人群中提供的治疗类型，知之甚少。本文描述了孟加拉国达卡市贫民窟人口中儿童死亡率及其决定因素，包括影响儿童的主要疾病和治疗方法。三个贫民窟社区的1500户家庭参加了一项横断面调查。在访谈的最后一年中，每1000名儿童(0-107个月)的家庭报告死亡率为男孩20.5，女孩27.0。在婴儿期(12个月大)死亡的女孩比男孩多。报告的最常见死亡原因是婴儿期破伤风和小于或等于12个月的儿童腹泻。3岁以下儿童的疫苗接种率(DPT、脊髓灰质炎、麻疹和卡介苗)为73%。结果表明，死亡率的性别差异可能受到疾病期间接受的治疗方式的影响，治疗的选择取决于家庭的经济能力。家庭收入、儿童接种疫苗、母亲接种TT疫苗和个人清洁似乎与儿童死亡率显著相关。尽管这一人群的疫苗接种率相对较高，但儿童死亡率仍然高得令人震惊，这表明必须改善社会经济和环境条件，以大幅降低这一人群的发病率和死亡率。
The growing slum population in the developing world is an increasing challenge for local health authorities. Little is known of the patterns of disease occurrence including treatment types offered in this population. The paper describes reported child mortality and its determinants, including the main diseases affecting children and treatments, in the slum population of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. 1500 households in three slum communities were included in a cross-sectional survey. Reported death rates in the households per 1000 children (0-107 months) within the last year from the interview were 20.5 for boys and 27.0 for girls. More girls than boys died in infancy (age < 12 months). The most frequent reported causes of deaths were tetanus in infancy and diarrhoea among children aged less than or equal to 12 months. Vaccination coverage (DPT, polio, measles and BCG) was 73% for children < 3 years of age. The results showed that gender difference in mortality may have been influenced by the patterns of treatment received during sickness and the choice of treatment was determined by the financial ability of the households. Household income, children's vaccinations, TT immunization of mothers and personal cleanliness appeared to be significantly associated with child mortality. Despite the relatively high vaccination coverage for this population, child mortality remained alarmingly high, indicating that socioeconomic and environmental conditions must be improved to substantially reduce morbidity and mortality in this population.