THE ASSESSMENT OF IADL MOTOR-SKILLS - AN APPLICATION OF MANY-FACETED RASCH ANALYSIS
THE ASSESSMENT OF IADL MOTOR-SKILLS - AN APPLICATION OF MANY-FACETED RASCH ANALYSIS
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DOI：
10.5014/ajot.47.4.319
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发表时间：
1993-04-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
FISHER, AG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
FISHER, AG
开发测试的传统方法一直是由项目内容规范驱动的，并依赖于使用总和顺序分数来尝试创建能力的量化指标。这种测试开发方法存在一些根本问题。第一个问题是，将定性的有序计数相加以产生总分并不会产生一个数字，而这个数字是对成绩进行定量比较的有效手段。第二个问题是，对内容专家的依赖不能确保测试项目确实测试了有问题的结构。因此，基于Rasch测量模型的功能评估的开发正在成为康复专业人员构建测试的首选方法。Rasch测量模型为仪器开发提供了另一种方法，其结果是基于加法数的一维线性测量。Rasch分析还产生了拟合优度统计，可以用来对构建的量表进行验证性结构效度分析，其基础是：(A)对一组人进行测试时应该发生什么的预期，然后(B)确认测试项目符合该模型。本文描述了多方面Rasch模型被用于开发运动与加工技能评估(AMPS)的运动量表(Fisher，1992)。文中还展示了使用与构建的量表相关的期望理论开始测试开发，然后确认该量表符合这些期望的过程。
Traditional methods of developing tests have been driven by item content specification and have relied on the use of summed ordinal scores in an attempt to create a quantitative index of ability. There are fundamental problems with this approach to test development. Tbe first problem is that the summing of qualitative ordinal counts to create a total score does not result in a number that is a valid means of making quantitative comparisons of performances. Tbe second problem is that reliance on content experts does not ensure that the test items indeed test the construct in question. As a result, the development of functional assessments based on Rasch measurement models is becoming a preferred method among rehabilitation professionals for constructing tests. Rasch measurement models offer an alternative approach to instrument development that results in unidimensional linear measures based on additive numbers. Rasch analyses also generate goodness-of-fit statistics that can be used to perform confirmatory construct validity analyses of the constructed scales based on (a) formulating expectations about what should happen when a group of persons take a test, and then (b) confirming that the test items fit that model.This paper describes bow the many-faceted Rasch model was used to develop the motor scale of the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills (AMPS) (Fisher, 1992). Tbe process of beginning test development with a theory of expectations related to a constructed scale and then confirming that the scale conforms to these expectations also is demonstrated.