Is there a doctor in the house? The presence of physicians in the direct-to-consumer genetic testing context
Is there a doctor in the house? The presence of physicians in the direct-to-consumer genetic testing context
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DOI：
10.1007/s12687-011-0062-0
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发表时间：
2012-04-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Borry, Pascal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Howard, Heidi Carmen;Borry, Pascal
在过去的几年里，许多商业公司，其中大多数总部设在美国，一直在现有的医疗保健系统之外宣传和提供直接面向消费者(DTC)的基因检测服务，而且往往没有任何医疗保健专业人员的参与。然而，在过去的一年里，一些DTC基因检测公司改变了他们的提供模式，现在消费者必须联系医疗保健专业人员才能订购基因检测服务。在讨论这一新的服务提供模式的出现时，本文还回顾了围绕DTC基因检测的伦理和社会问题，并讨论了改变的潜在动机、实现真正适当的医疗监督的一些障碍以及DTC基因检测在某些精神和神经疾病方面的现状。自从这些商业活动出现以来，批评者将矛头指向围绕这些服务缺乏医疗监管。然而，这里的讨论揭示了在目前DTC基因测试的背景下，尽管增加了一名医生，但实际实现充分的医疗监督可能是多么困难。
Over the last couple of years, many commercial companies, the majority of which are based in the USA, have been advertising and offering direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing services outside of the established health care system, and often without any involvement from a health care professional. In the last year, however, a number of DTC genetic testing companies have changed their provision model such that consumers must now contact a health care professional before being able to order the genetic testing service. In discussing the advent of this new model of service provision, this article also reviews the ethical and social issues surrounding DTC genetic testing and addresses the potential motivations for change, some barriers to achieving truly appropriate medical supervision and the present reality of DTC genetic testing for some psychiatric and neurological disorders. Since the advent of these commercial activities, critics have pointed a finger at the lack of medical supervision surrounding these services. The discussion herein, however, reveals how difficult it may be, despite the addition of a physician, to actually achieve adequate medical supervision within the present context of DTC genetic testing.