THE CONTRIBUTION OF CULEX PIPIENS COMPLEX MOSQUITOES TO TRANSMISSION AND PERSISTENCE OF WEST NILE VIRUS IN NORTH AMERICA
THE CONTRIBUTION OF CULEX PIPIENS COMPLEX MOSQUITOES TO TRANSMISSION AND PERSISTENCE OF WEST NILE VIRUS IN NORTH AMERICA
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DOI：
10.2987/8756-971x-28.4s.137
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Andreadis, Theodore G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Andreadis, Theodore G.
尖音库蚊复合群中的蚊子由于其季节性丰富、媒介能力和高现场感染率而被认为是北美西尼罗河病毒（WNV）的主要媒介。然而，Cx的作用。p. pipiens复合蚊在鸟类宿主中的西尼罗河病毒地方性扩增和向人类的流行性传播中的作用在其地理分布中各不相同。在美国东北部，CX。尖音假单胞菌被认为是导致野生鸟类种群中病毒扩增的主要地方病载体。然而，由于这种蚊子是强烈的鸟类，它在传播给人类的作用似乎在这一地区更为有限。相比之下，在中北部和大西洋中部各州，Cx。尖音假单胞菌显示出对人类宿主的增加的亲和力，并且已被认为是关键的桥梁载体。在美国南部地区，致倦库蚊是机会性捕食者，被认为是主要的地方病和流行病媒介。在美国西部地区，特别是农村地区，库蚊tarsalis占主导地位，Cx。p. pipiens和Cx.致倦库蚊的作用较为有限，被认为是次级媒介。位于美国西南部Cx。致倦库蚊似乎也是城市生境中的主要病媒，但在农村地区只是次要病媒。CX的直接参与。P. pipiens form molestus in WNV transmission is mostly unknown，but human biting Cx. p. pipiens更有可能与Cx具有遗传祖先的可能性。p. pipiens form molestus.越冬群体中西尼罗河病毒的检测。p.pipiens和非滞育型Cx. p.quinquefaciatus及其在当地越冬的西尼罗河病毒的作用。
Mosquitoes within the Culex pipiens complex have been implicated as major vectors of West Nile virus (WNV) in North America due to their seasonal abundance, vector competence and high field infection rates. However, the role of Cx. p. pipiens complex mosquitoes in enzootic amplification of WNV among avian hosts and epidemic transmission to humans varies throughout its geographical distribution. In the northeastern United States, Cx. p. pipiens is recognized as the primary enzootic vector responsible for amplification of virus among wild bird populations. However, because this mosquito is strongly ornithophilic, its role in transmission to humans appears to be more limited in this region. In the north central and Mid-Atlantic States by contrast, Cx. p. pipiens shows an increased affinity for human hosts and has been incriminated as a key bridge vector. In southern regions of the United States, Culex p. quinquefasciatus are more opportunistic feeders, and are thought to be principal enzootic and epidemic vectors. In western regions of the United States where Culex tarsalis predominates, especially in rural areas, Cx. p. pipiens and Cx. p. quinquefasciatus play roles that are more limited and are recognized as secondary vectors. In the southwestern United States Cx. p. quinquefusciatus also appears to be the predominant vector in urban habitats, but only a secondary vector in more rural environs. The direct involvement of Cx. p. pipiens form molestus in WNV transmission is largely unknown, but human-biting Cx. p. pipiens are more likely to have a probability of genetic ancestry with Cx. p. pipiens form molestus. The detection of WNV from overwintering populations of diapausing Cx. p. pipiens and non-diapausing Cx. p. quinquefaciatus and their role in local overwintering of WNV are addressed.