ARSENIC IN GROUND-WATER IN 6 DISTRICTS OF WEST-BENGAL, INDIA - THE BIGGEST ARSENIC CALAMITY IN THE WORLD .1. ARSENIC SPECIES IN DRINKING-WATER AND URINE OF THE AFFECTED PEOPLE
ARSENIC IN GROUND-WATER IN 6 DISTRICTS OF WEST-BENGAL, INDIA - THE BIGGEST ARSENIC CALAMITY IN THE WORLD .1. ARSENIC SPECIES IN DRINKING-WATER AND URINE OF THE AFFECTED PEOPLE
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DOI：
10.1039/an9952000643
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发表时间：
1995-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
CHAKRABORTI, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CHATTERJEE, A;DAS, D;CHAKRABORTI, D
西孟加拉邦面积 34 000 平方公里（2）、人口 3,000 万的 6 个地区地下水中砷含量超过最高允许限值，目前恒河沿岸 6 个地区的 37 个街区受到影响，来自 312 个村庄/行政区的约 80 万人正在饮用砷污染的水，其中至少 175 000 人出现砷污染。砷皮肤损伤。砷的来源是地质的。我们分析了这六个地区的数千个管井水样中的四种砷形态，即亚砷酸盐、砷酸盐、一甲基胂酸（MMAA）和二甲基胂酸（DMAA）。我们在这些样品中均未检测到 MMAA 或 DMAA。在尿液中，DMAA 和 MMAA 以及亚砷酸盐和砷酸盐是主要成分。我们用于砷的测定和形态分析的技术是： (i) 通过氯仿中的二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠，然后通过 FI-HGAAS 从水中分离亚砷酸盐和砷酸盐； (ii) 使用Ag-DDTC在氯仿中的分光光度法，以六亚甲基四胺作为吸收溶液； (iii) 从水中离子交换分离亚砷酸盐和砷酸盐，然后进行 FI-HGAAS； (iv) 为了分析尿液中的无机砷及其代谢物，通过组合的阳离子-阴离子交换柱分离物质后使用 FI-HGAAS。尿总砷经酸分解后采用FI-HGAAS测定，地下水中毒性最强的物质是亚砷酸盐，约占总砷含量的50%，尿总砷的90%以上是无机砷及其代谢物。
Arsenic in ground water has been found above the maximum permissible limit in six districts of West Bengal covering an area of 34 000 km(2) with a population of 30 million, At present 37 blocks of these six districts by the side of the River Ganga are affected and about 800 000 people from 312 villages/wards are drinking arsenic contaminated water and amongst them at least 175 000 people are showing arsenical skin lesions. The source of arsenic is geological. We have analysed thousands of tube-well water samples from these six districts for four arsenic species namely, arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonic acid (MMAA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMAA). We could detect no MMAA or DMAA in any of these samples. In urine, DMAA and MMAA are the predominant species along with arsenite and arsenate. The techniques we used for the determination and speciation of arsenic are: (i) separation of arsenite and arsenate from water by sodium diethyldithiocarbamate in chloroform followed by FI-HGAAS; (ii) spectrophotometry using Ag-DDTC in chloroform with hexamethylenetetramine as absorbing solution; (iii) ion-exchange separation of arsenite and arsenate from water followed by FI-HGAAS; and (iv) for analysis of inorganic arsenic and its metabolites in urine, FI-HGAAS was used after separation of the species by a combined cation-anion-exchange column. Total arsenic urine was determined by FI-HGAAS after acid decomposition, The most toxic species, arsenite, is present in ground water at about 50% of the total arsenic level, and more than 90% of the total arsenic in urine is inorganic arsenic and its metabolites.