Roles of Submicron Particles and Colloids in Microbial Food Webs and Biogeochemical Cycles within Marine Environments

Roles of Submicron Particles and Colloids in Microbial Food Webs and Biogeochemical Cycles within Marine Environments
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亚微米颗粒和胶体在海洋环境中微生物食物网和生物地球化学循环中的作用

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发表时间:
1997
期刊:
影响因子:
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通讯作者:
D. Kirchman
D. Kirchman
中科院分区:
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文献类型:
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作者:
T. Nagata;D. Kirchman

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最近在不同的海洋环境中发现了大量碎屑亚微米颗粒(Koike等人,1990;Longhurst等人,1992;Wells and Goldberg,1991,1994),这引起了海洋学家的兴趣,并促使人们研究这些小颗粒在海洋食物网和生物地球化学通量中的作用。非活的亚微米颗粒(107-1010个颗粒ml−1)的丰度远远超过类似尺寸的活颗粒的数量,包括浮游植物、细菌和病毒(Koike等人,1990年;Wells和Goldberg,1991年;见表I)。大量化学测量证实,“胶体分数”(大小为0.001-1μm)占海水中总的“溶解”有机碳的很大比例(10-50%)(小川和小仓,1992年;本纳等人,1992年;高等人,1994年)。为了解释胶体和亚微米颗粒在营养动态(Sherr,1988;Flood等人,1992)、聚集体形成(Alldredge等人,1993;Kepkay,1994)和有机质凝聚(Nagata和Kirchman,1992b;Keil和Kirchman,1994)中的作用,已经提出了几个有争议的假说。
The recent discovery of numerous detrital submicron particles in diverse marine environments (Koike et al., 1990; Longhurst et al., 1992; Wells and Goldberg, 1991, 1994) has stirred the interest of oceanographers and has spurred studies into the roles of these small particles in marine food webs and biogeochemical fluxes. The abundance of non-living submicron particles (107–1010 particles ml−1) far exceeds the number of living particles of similar size dimensions, including phytoplankton, bacteria, and viruses (Koike et al., 1990; Wells and Goldberg, 1991; see Table I). Bulk chemical measurements have confirmed that the “colloidal fraction” (size, 0.001–1 μm) represents a large fraction (10–50%) of total “dissolved” organic carbon (DOC) in seawater (Ogawa and Ogura, 1992; Benner et al., 1992; Gau et al., 1994). Several provocative hypotheses have been proposed to explain the roles of colloids and submicron particles in trophic dynamics (Sherr, 1988; Flood et al., 1992), aggregate formation (Alldredge et al., 1993; Kepkay, 1994), and condensation of organic matter (Nagata and Kirchman, 1992b, 1996; Keil and Kirchman, 1994).