Transnitrosylation of XIAP regulates caspase-dependent neuronal cell death.

Transnitrosylation of XIAP regulates caspase-dependent neuronal cell death.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molcel.2010.07.002
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发表时间:
2010-07-30
期刊:
影响因子:
16
通讯作者:
Lipton SA
Lipton SA
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Nakamura T;Wang L;Wong CC;Scott FL;Eckelman BP;Han X;Tzitzilonis C;Meng F;Gu Z;Holland EA;Clemente AT;Okamoto S;Salvesen GS;Riek R;Yates JR 3rd;Lipton SA

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X-连锁凋亡抑制剂 (XIAP) 是 caspase 凋亡活性的有效拮抗剂。 XIAP 还充当 E3 泛素连接酶,靶向半胱天冬酶进行降解。然而,控制 XIAP 活性的分子途径仍不清楚。在这里,我们报道一氧化氮 (NO) 通过 S-亚硝基化 XIAP 的 RING 结构域(形成 SNO-XIAP)与 XIAP 反应,从而抑制 E3 连接酶和抗凋亡活性。 NO 介导的神经毒性和半胱天冬酶激活与多种神经退行性疾病有关,包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和亨廷顿病。我们发现患有这些疾病的患者大脑中存在显着的 SNO-XIAP 形成,表明这种反应与神经元损伤的病因有关。相反,已知半胱天冬酶的 S-亚硝基化可抑制细胞凋亡活性。出乎意料的是,我们发现SNO-caspase转亚硝基(转移其NO基团)到XIAP,形成SNO-XIAP,从而促进细胞损伤和死亡。这些发现为至少部分由亚硝化应激介导的神经退行性疾病中 caspase 激活的调节提供了独特的见解。
X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) is a potent antagonist of caspase apoptotic activity. XIAP also functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase, targeting caspases for degradation. However, molecular pathways controlling XIAP activities remain unclear. Here we report that nitric oxide (NO) reacts with XIAP by S-nitrosylating its RING domain (forming SNO-XIAP), thereby inhibiting E3 ligase and antiapoptotic activity. NO-mediated neurotoxicity and caspase activation have been linked to several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and Huntington’s diseases. We find significant SNO-XIAP formation in brains of patients with these diseases, implicating this reaction in the etiology of neuronal damage. Conversely, S-nitrosylation of caspases is known to inhibit apoptotic activity. Unexpectedly, we find that SNO-caspase transnitrosylates (transfers its NO group) to XIAP, forming SNO-XIAP, and thus promotes cell injury and death. These findings provide unique insights into the regulation of caspase activation in neurodegenerative disorders mediated, at least in part, by nitrosative stress.
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