The Calyx of Held Synapse
The Calyx of Held Synapse
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4419-9517-9_5
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Rusu, S. I.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Borst, J. G. G.;Rusu, S. I.
在中枢听觉系统中采用专门的突触来保存定时信息，通常以通常伴随外周中的声音转导的高发射频率进行传输。这种特殊突触的一个独特例子是Held突触的萼。它是位于上级橄榄复合体（SOC）内的一个巨大的轴体突触，其功能是快速的符号反转中继，为听觉脑干的大多数听觉核团提供抑制。由于它的大小-它很可能是哺乳动物大脑中最大的终端-它已成为研究递质释放机制的流行模型系统。图5.1显示了它作为中继器的最重要的特性：它拥有数百个突触活动区。
Specialized synapses are employed in the central auditory system to preserve timing information, often transmitting at the high firing frequencies that typically accompany sound transduction in the periphery. A unique example of such a specialized synapse is the calyx of Held synapse. It is a giant axosomatic synapse within the superior olivary complex (SOC) that functions as a fast sign-inverting relay, providing inhibition to most auditory nuclei of the auditory brainstem. Because of its size – it could well be the largest terminal in the mammalian brain – it has become a popular model system to study mechanisms of transmitter release. Figure 5.1 illustrates the most important property that allows it to act as a relay: it harbors hundreds of synaptic active zones.