Sex Workers' Access to Police Assistance in Safety Emergencies and Means of Escape from Situations of Violence and Confinement under an "End Demand" Criminalization Model: A Five City Study in Canada
Sex Workers' Access to Police Assistance in Safety Emergencies and Means of Escape from Situations of Violence and Confinement under an "End Demand" Criminalization Model: A Five City Study in Canada
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DOI：
10.3390/socsci10010013
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发表时间：
2021-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Shannon, Kate
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crago, Anna-Louise;Bruckert, Chris;Shannon, Kate
关于性工作者在“最终要求”定罪模式下获得警察保护或逃避暴力和监禁情况的能力的现有证据有限。在加拿大五个城市的200名妇女中，62人(31.0%)报告称，如果他们或其他妇女因害怕警察发现(他们自己、他们的同事或他们的管理层)而处于安全紧急情况下，无法拨打911。在多因素Logistic回归分析中，过去12个月内与社会和种族貌相有关的警察骚扰(被刷卡或被要求提供身份证件，随后被警察或在未逮捕的情况下被拘留)(调整后奇数比：5.225，95%可信区间：2.199-12.417)、土著(调整后奇数比：2.078，95%可信区间：0.849-5.084)或在渥太华(调整后奇数比：2.317，95%可信区间：0.865-6.209)与无法拨打911的几率有关。年龄越大，患病几率越低(优势比：0.941/年，95%可信区间：0.901-0.982)。在描述性统计中，在过去12个月内经历过工作中暴力或监禁的115名妇女中，19人(16.52%)向警方报告了这一事件。在过去12个月中，其他分担费用的性工作者是最常报告的群体，他们曾协助性工作者逃离暴力或监禁(n=13，35.14%)。在过去12个月中，辅助性工作者逃离暴力或监禁情况的最不常见的群体之一是警察(n=2，5.41%)。这项研究的结果表明，目前的“最终需求”犯罪框架如何折衷于性工作者在安全紧急情况下获得援助的机会。
There is limited available evidence on sex workers (SW) ability to access police protection or means of escaping situations of violence and confinement under an "end demand" criminalization model. Of 200 SW in five cities in Canada, 62 (31.0%) reported being unable to call 911 if they or another SW were in a safety emergency due to fear of police detection (of themselves, their colleagues or their management). In multivariate logistic regression, police harassment-linked to social and racial profiling in the past 12 months (being carded or asked for ID documents, followed by police or detained without arrest) (Adjusted Odd Ratio (AOR): 5.225, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.199-12.417), being Indigenous (AOR: 2.078, 95% CI: 0.849-5.084) or being in Ottawa (AOR: 2.317, 95% CI: 0.865-6.209) were associated with higher odds of being unable to call 911, while older age was associated with lower odds (AOR: 0.941 per year older, 95% CI: 0.901-0.982). In descriptive statistics, of 115 SW who had experienced violence or confinement at work in the past 12 months, 19 (16.52%) reported the incident to police. Other sex workers with shared expenses were the most commonly reported group to have assisted sex workers to escape situations of violence or confinement in the past 12 months (n = 13, 35.14%). One of the least commonly reported groups to have assisted sex workers to escape situations of violence or confinement in the past 12 months were police (n = 2, 5.41%). The findings of this study illustrate how the current "end demand" criminalization framework compromises sex workers' access to assistance in safety emergencies.